宣

See also: 宜 and 冝
宣 U+5BA3, 宣
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BA3
← 客
[U+5BA2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 室 →
[U+5BA4]

Translingual

Han character
Stroke order
9 strokes

宣 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 十一日一 (JMAM), four-corner 30106, composition ⿱宀亘)

Derived characters

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 284, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7132
  • Dae Jaweon: page 562, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 923, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+5BA3

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 宣
2nd round simp. 㝉
alternative forms 𠖚 historical
𡨈 historical
𡩦 historical
𡪏 historical
亘

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 宣
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (亘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
烜 *qʰrolʔ, *qʰonʔ
貆 *qʰoːn, *ɡoːn, *qʰon
峘 *ɡoːn, *ɡɯːŋ
狟 *ɡoːn
絙 *ɡoːn, *kɯːŋ
荁 *ɡoːn
宣 *sqʰon
咺 *qʰonʔ
暅 *qʰonʔ
桓 *ɡʷaːn
洹 *ɡʷaːn, *ɢʷan
揎 *sqʰʷan
愃 *sqʰʷan, *qʰʷanʔ
瑄 *sqʰʷan
渲 *sqʰʷans
喧 *qʰʷan
萱 *qʰʷan
暄 *qʰʷan
諠 *qʰʷan
翧 *qʰʷan
蝖 *qʰʷan
垣 *ɢʷan
楦 *qʰʷans

Pronunciation

Note:
  • suang1 - Shantou;
  • suêng1 - Chaozhou.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 1shi
        • MiniDict: shi平
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1xi
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕi⁵³/
Rime
Character 宣
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 仙 (78)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 須緣切
Baxter sjwen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /siuᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /sʷiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /sjuæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /swian/
Li
Rong		 /siuɛn/
Wang
Li		 /sĭwɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /si̯wɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xuān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 syun1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 宣
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xuān
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sjwen ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s-qʷar/
English spread (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 宣
Reading # 1/1
No. 3954
Phonetic
component		 亘
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 宣
Old
Chinese		 /*sqʰon/

Definitions

宣

  1. (literary or in compounds) to declare; to announce; to proclaim
    宣言  ―  xuānyán  ―  declaration
    宣誓  ―  xuānshì  ―  oath
    1. (archaic) to command (from a sovereign to a subject)
  2. (literary) to spread; to diffuse; to circulate
    1. widespread; in wide circulation
    2. to drain (liquid)
      • 以側微不欲有娠，宣于寢席，后卽吸之，遂有娠生子。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
        From: 《高麗史》 (History of Goryeo), 1451
        I cheuk mi bul yok yusin, seon u chimseok, hu jeuk heup ji, su yousin saengja. [Sino-Korean]
        Because her relatives were lowly, he did not want to impregnate her. He ejaculated on the sleeping mat. The lady then absorbed this [into her genitals]. She consequently became pregnant and gave birth to a son.
  3. (Internet slang) to like (contraction of 喜歡／喜欢 (xǐhuan))

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji
宣

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. proclaim, announce
  2. say

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology
Kanji in this term
宣
せん
Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 宣 (MC sjwen).

Pronunciation

Noun

宣(せん) • (sen) 

  1. proclamation (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    Synonym: 宣旨 (senji)

Verb

宣(せん)する • (sen suru) suru (stem 宣(せん)し (sen shi), past 宣(せん)した (sen shita))

  1. declare (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    Synonym: 宣言する (sengen suru)

Proper noun

宣(せん) • (Sen) 

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

宣 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn)

1. To declare, to give, to bestow.

Vietnamese

Han character

宣: Hán Nôm readings: tuyên

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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