pono

See also: poño

Hawaiian

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *pono, from Proto-Oceanic *bonor, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bənər (compare with Malay benar). Probably an innovation of Eastern Polynesian, with the similarity being accidental on account of final *-r.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpo.no/

Noun

pono

  1. righteousness
    Ua mau ke ea o ka ʻāina i ka pono.
    The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness.
  2. morality, goodness, excellence
  3. correct procedure, true nature, rights, duty
  4. prosperity, well-being
  5. property, supplies
  6. use, purpose

Verb

pono

  1. (stative) good, moral, proper
  2. (stative) beneficial
  3. (stative) should, must, necessary

Derived terms

Particle

pono

  1. (preceding a word or term) careless, any old way
    Mai pono helu ʻoe, e helu pono!
    Don't count carelessly, count properly!

Latin

Etymology

From Old Latin *poznō, from Proto-Italic *pozinō. Equivalent to po- + sinō.

Pronunciation

Verb

pōnō (present infinitive pōnere, perfect active posuī or posīvī, supine positum); third conjugation

  1. to place, put, lay
    Synonyms: collocō, statuō, locō, sistō, fīgō, cōnstituō, struō, impōnō, dēfīgō
  2. to ordain, appoint, make something
    Synonyms: indīcō, imperō, praescrībō, iniungō, praecipiō, ēdīcō, mandō, iubeō, dictō
  3. to set up, pitch (camp)
  4. to put away, leave off, dismiss, forego, lay down, surrender
  5. to posit, offer, assume, suppose, depict
    Synonyms: dēserō, relinquō, omittō, dēdō, concēdō, dēcēdō, reddō, remittō, dēstituō, dēficiō, oblīvīscor, cēdō, permittō, dissimulō, trādō, addīcō, praetereō, neglegō, tribuō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of pōnō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present pōnō pōnis pōnit pōnimus pōnitis pōnunt
imperfect pōnēbam pōnēbās pōnēbat pōnēbāmus pōnēbātis pōnēbant
future pōnam pōnēs pōnet pōnēmus pōnētis pōnent
perfect posuī posuistī posuit posuimus posuistis posuērunt,
posuēre
pluperfect posueram posuerās posuerat posuerāmus posuerātis posuerant
future perfect posuerō posueris posuerit posuerimus posueritis posuerint
passive present pōnor pōneris,
pōnere
pōnitur pōnimur pōniminī pōnuntur
imperfect pōnēbar pōnēbāris,
pōnēbāre
pōnēbātur pōnēbāmur pōnēbāminī pōnēbantur
future pōnar pōnēris,
pōnēre
pōnētur pōnēmur pōnēminī pōnentur
perfect positus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect positus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect positus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present pōnam pōnās pōnat pōnāmus pōnātis pōnant
imperfect pōnerem pōnerēs pōneret pōnerēmus pōnerētis pōnerent
perfect posuerim posuerīs posuerit posuerīmus posuerītis posuerint
pluperfect posuissem posuissēs posuisset posuissēmus posuissētis posuissent
passive present pōnar pōnāris,
pōnāre
pōnātur pōnāmur pōnāminī pōnantur
imperfect pōnerer pōnerēris,
pōnerēre
pōnerētur pōnerēmur pōnerēminī pōnerentur
perfect positus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect positus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present pōne pōnite
future pōnitō pōnitō pōnitōte pōnuntō
passive present pōnere pōniminī
future pōnitor pōnitor pōnuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives pōnere posuisse positūrum esse pōnī positum esse positum īrī
participles pōnēns positūrus positus pōnendus,
pōnundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
pōnendī pōnendō pōnendum pōnendō positum positū

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Aromanian: pun
  • Asturian: poner
  • Catalan: pondre
  • French: pondre
  • Friulian: poni, pondi, pogni
  • Galician: poñer, pór
  • Italian: porre
  • Occitan: pónder, pondre
  • Portuguese: pôr
  • Romanian: pune, punere
  • Sardinian: pòniri, pònnere, pònni, pònniri
  • Sicilian: pùniri
  • Spanish: poner
  • Venetian: poner, ponder, pondar
  • Walloon: ponre

References

  • pono”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • pono”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • pono in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to offer a prize (for the winner): praemium ponere
    • to set up a statue in some one's honour: statuam alicui ponere, constituere
    • to apply oneself zealously, diligently to a thing: studium, industriam (not diligentiam) collocare, ponere in aliqua re
    • to throw doubt upon a thing: in dubio ponere
    • to cite a person or a thing as an example: aliquem (aliquid) exempli causa ponere, proferre, nominare, commemorare
    • it is a debated point whether... or..: in contentione ponitur, utrum...an
    • to bring a thing vividly before the eyes: ante oculos ponere aliquid
    • to give a general idea of a thing: in uno conspectu ponere aliquid
    • to make a short survey of a thing: in brevi conspectu ponere aliquid
    • to publish, make public: in medio ponere (proponere)
    • to propose, set a theme: ponere
    • to set some one a theme for discussion: ponere alicui, de quo disputet
    • to let those present fix any subject they like for discussion: ponere iubere, qua de re quis audire velit (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
    • to propose a subject of debate, put a question: quaestionem ponere, proponere
    • to lay down a book (vid. sect. XII. 3, note vestem deponere...): librum de manibus ponere
    • to set one's hope on some one: spem suam ponere, collocare in aliquo
    • to put confidence in some one: fiduciam in aliquo ponere, collocare
    • to consider virtue the highest good: summum bonum in virtute ponere
    • to place some one in ambush: aliquem in insidiis locare, collocare, ponere
    • to undress: vestem ponere (exuere)
    • to set food before a person: cibum apponere, ponere alicui
    • to consider a thing as profit: in lucro ponere aliquid (Flacc. 17. 40)
    • to pile arms (cf. sect. XII. 3, note vestem deponere...): arma ponere (not deponere)
    • to place a close line of sentry-posts: vigilias crebras ponere (Sall. Iug. 45. 2)
    • to encamp: castra ponere, locare
    • (ambiguous) to be favourably situated: opportuno loco situm or positum esse
    • (ambiguous) to fail to see what lies before one: quod ante pedes est or positum est, non videre
    • (ambiguous) to depend upon a thing: positum, situm esse in aliqua re
    • (ambiguous) to be in a person's power: in manu, in potestate alicuius situm, positum esse
    • (ambiguous) to consider a thing beneath one's dignity: aliquid infra se ducere or infra se positum arbitrari
    • (ambiguous) it is a matter of conjecture, supposition: aliquid in coniectura positum est
    • (ambiguous) we start by presupposing that..: positum est a nobis primum (c. Acc. c. Inf.)
    • (ambiguous) to occupy a very high position in the state: in altissimo dignitatis gradu collocatum, locatum, positum esse

Further reading

Lingala

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *pòon.

Verb

pono

  1. to choose, to pick
  2. to prefer

Maori

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *pono, from Proto-Oceanic *bonor, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bənər (compare with Malay benar). Probably an innovation of Eastern Polynesian, with the similarity being accidental on account of final *-r.

Noun

pono

  1. truth, non-fiction, validity
    Kua kitea e mātou te pono o aua kupu.
    We have seen the truth of those words.

Adjective

pono

  1. true, valid, honest, genuine, sincere
    Mehemea he pono te aroha o te tangata ki te wahine, o te wahine rānei ki te tāne, e kore rawa e mātoke, ahakoa whakararurarutia e ngā whanaunga engari ka kaha kē atu.
    If a man truly loves a woman, or vice versa, it will not go cold, and despite problems caused by relatives it will become stronger.

Polish

Etymology

Contraction of podobno.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpɔ.nɔ/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔnɔ
  • Syllabification: po‧no

Particle

pono

  1. (archaic) apparently, reputedly, supposedly
    Synonyms: podobno, ponoć

Further reading

  • pono in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • pono in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Verb

pono

  1. Eye dialect spelling of pondo, representing Northeast Brazil Portuguese.
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