膜

膜 U+819C, 膜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-819C
← 膛
[U+819B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 膝 →
[U+819D]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

膜 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+10, 14 (Mainland China, Japan), 15 (Hong Kong) strokes, cangjie input 月廿日大 (BTAK), four-corner 74234, composition ⿰月莫)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 993, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29808
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1444, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2100, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+819C

Chinese
trad. 膜
simp. # 膜
alternative forms 𦟦

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 膜
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (莫) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蟆 *mraː
鬕 *mraːɡs
饃 *maːl
模 *maː
摸 *maː, *maːɡ
嫫 *maː
謨 *maː
膜 *maː, *maːɡ
摹 *maː
暮 *maːɡs
慕 *maːɡs
募 *maːɡs
墓 *maːɡs
慔 *maːɡs
莫 *maːɡ
寞 *maːɡ
漠 *maːɡ
幕 *maːɡ
鏌 *maːɡ
瘼 *maːɡ
鄚 *maːɡ
瞙 *maːɡ
嗼 *maːɡ, *mraːɡ
塻 *maːɡ
貘 *mraːɡ
驀 *mraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maː, *maːɡ) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 莫 (OC *maːɡ).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • bo̍k - literary;
  • mo̍͘h/bo̍h/mo͘h - vernacular (“membrane; film”).
Rime
Character 膜
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 鐸 (103)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 慕各切
Baxter mak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /mɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /mɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /mɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /mak̚/
Li
Rong		 /mɑk̚/
Wang
Li		 /mɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /mɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 mò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 mok6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 膜
Reading # 2/2
No. 9253
Phonetic
component		 莫
Rime
group		 鐸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 莫
Old
Chinese		 /*maːɡ/

Definitions

膜

  1. membrane; film
    細胞膜／细胞膜  ―  xìbāomó  ―  cell membrane
    保鮮膜／保鲜膜  ―  bǎoxiānmó  ―  plastic wrap
    鍍鋁膜／镀铝膜  ―  dùlǚmó  ―  aluminum-coated polyester film
  2. (physics) brane
  3. (obsolete) small gap
  4. (dialectal, obsolete) to placate
  5. Alternative form of 漠 (mò)

Compounds

Etymology 2

Clipping of 南膜 (MC nom mu), which is from Sanskrit नमस् (namas, “bow; obeisance; salutation”). Compare 南無.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 膜
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 莫胡切
Baxter mu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /muo/
Pan
Wuyun		 /muo/
Shao
Rongfen		 /mo/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /mɔ/
Li
Rong		 /mo/
Wang
Li		 /mu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /muo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 mú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 mou4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 膜
Reading # 1/2
No. 9245
Phonetic
component		 莫
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 模
Old
Chinese		 /*maː/

Definitions

膜

  1. to prostrate

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji
膜

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. membrane; film

Readings
  • Go-on: まく (maku, Jōyō); も (mo)
  • Kan-on: ばく (baku); ぼ (bo)
  • Kun: うすかわ (usukawa)

Compounds

Pronunciation
Kanji in this term
膜
まく
Grade: S
on’yomi
  • (Tokyo) まく​ [màkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ma̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

膜(まく) • (maku) 

  1. membrane; film

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 膜 (MC mak). Recorded as Middle Korean 막〮 (mák) (Yale: mak) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 膜 (eumhun 꺼풀 막 (kkeopul mak))

  1. Hanja form? of 막 (“membrane; film”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

膜: Hán Nôm readings: màng, mô

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