疑惑

Chinese

		to doubt; to misbelieve; to suspect	confuse
trad. (疑惑)		疑	惑
simp. ^#(疑惑)		疑	惑
anagram		惑疑

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yíhuò

(Zhuyin): ㄧˊ ㄏㄨㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁴ waak⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngì-fe̍t
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gî-hia̍k / gî-he̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yíhuò
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˊ ㄏㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yíhuò
  - Wade–Giles: i²-huo⁴
  - Yale: yí-hwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yihuoh
  - Palladius: ихо (ixo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i³⁵ xu̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ji⁴ waak⁶
  - Yale: yìh waahk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁴ waak⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yi⁴ wag⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː²¹ waːk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngì-fe̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiˇ fed
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngi² fed⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋi¹¹ fet̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gî-hia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: gî-hia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gi'hiak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡi²⁴⁻²² hiak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gî-he̍k
  - Tâi-lô: gî-hi̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gi'hek
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡi¹³⁻²² hiɪk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡi²³⁻³³ hiɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɡi²⁴⁻²² hiɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡi²⁴⁻¹¹ hiɪk̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: ngi hwok

Rime
Character	疑	惑
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	德 (132)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	語其切	胡國切
Baxter	ngi	hwok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨ/	/ɦwək̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɨ/	/ɦʷək̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋie/	/ɣuək̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨ/	/ɦwək̚/
Li Rong	/ŋiə/	/ɣuək̚/
Wang Li	/ŋĭə/	/ɣuək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi/	/ɣwək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yí	huó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji⁴	wak⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ](r)ə [ɢ]ʷˤək/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋɯ ɡʷɯːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	疑	惑
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yí	huò
Middle Chinese	‹ ngi ›	‹ hwok ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ](r)ə/ (< uvular)	/*[ɢ]ʷˁək/
English	doubt	deceive
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	疑	惑
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	14894	5549
Phonetic component	疑	或
Rime group	之	職
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	疑	或
Old Chinese	/*ŋɯ/	/*ɡʷɯːɡ/
Notes	甲金文象人行道回顧遲疑狀，金文或加牛聲後訛爲子，非矢聲

Verb

疑惑

to feel perplexed; to not understand
to feel uncertain; to not be convinced

Synonyms

(to feel uncertain):

嫌 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
心存疑惑 (xīncún yíhuò)
思疑 (sīyí) (literary)
惑疑 (hueh⁴ i¹) (Jin)
憢疑／𢙒疑 (Hokkien)
懷疑／怀疑 (huáiyí)
狐疑 (húyí)
猜疑 (cāiyí)
疑乎 (nyi² fu²) (Sichuanese)
疑心 (yíxīn)
疑騃／疑𫘤 (Hokkien)
臭疑 (Hokkien)
臭青疑 (Hokkien)
青疑 (Hokkien)

Noun

疑惑

puzzlement; question
suspicion; doubt; misgivings
一肚子疑惑 ― yīdùzi yíhuò ― a great deal of doubt

Synonyms

(doubt):

嫌 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
嫌疑 (xiányí)
惑志 (huòzhì) (literary)
狐疑 (húyí)
疑心 (yíxīn)
疑義／疑义 (yíyì)

Related terms

困惑 (kùnhuò)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
疑	惑
ぎ Grade: 6	わく Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぎわく [gìwákú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2][3]
IPA^(key): [ɡʲiɰᵝa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

疑(ぎ)惑(わく) • (giwaku)

doubt, suspicion

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
疑	惑

Noun

疑惑 • (uihok) (hangeul 의혹)

Hanja form^? of 의혹.

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
疑	惑

Noun

疑惑

chữ Hán form of nghi hoặc.

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