由

由 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 中田 (LW), four-corner 5060₀, composition ⿻日丨 or ⿻囗十)

• 㐕 𠃦 𤰔 㕀 㽕 伷 甹 𠔍 𰃰 𫔼 㣙 㹨 妯 宙 届 岫 峀 庙 迪 廸 怞 抽 油 畁 邮 𠰬 𠱋 𡊡 𡘊 𡛽 𡱋 𢂎 𢍁 𩧨 𭘋 𭘌 峀 冑 柚 牰 胄 轴 迪 𠔔 𤤧 𤰰 𤱁 𤱉 𫆚 𬏁 㾄 䄂 秞 铀 𤱤 𤽙 𥑤 𥥉 𧙏 𬔈 䌷 笛 粙 紬 舳 苖 蚰 袖 𤉓 𤉕 𦥪 𧆭 𬱖 䛆 䜬 軸 釉 𧲹 𧻉 鈾 鲉 𢆟 𤳄 𤲣 𫔞 𢆟 䩜 頔 𩊄 𬰹 駎 𠟳 𤰋 𤳃 𪳫 𪽝 𫘼 𬏌 𮏬 鮋 𡳧 𤳐 𩿬 𬏕 鼬 𤳨 𫠘 𤳷 𤳸 𧈕 寅 黄 黃 㑹 褏

• ゆ
• ユ

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 757, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21724
• Dae Jaweon: page 1167, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2524, character 2
• Unihan data for U+7531

Historical forms of the character 由
Western Zhou
Bronze inscriptions

Pictogram (象形) – a container or helmet.

If a helmet, may have been the same as or original character of 冑.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Related to 遊?”)

由

1. cause; reason

   緣由／缘由  ―  yuányóu  ―  cause and reason

2. from

   由北到南  ―  yóu běi dào nán  ―  from north to south

   由廣州出發／由广州出发  ―  yóu Guǎngzhōu chūfā  ―  to depart from Guangzhou

3. by; through; via

   請由側門出入。／请由侧门出入。  ―  Qǐng yóu cèmén chūrù.  ―  Please enter and exit via the side door.

4. (done) by

   這件事由我來處理吧。 [MSC, trad.]
   这件事由我来处理吧。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè jiàn shì yóu wǒ lái chùlǐ ba. [Pinyin]

   Let me handle this matter.

5. because of; due to
6. by means of

   由此可見／由此可见  ―  yóucǐkějiàn  ―  thus it can be seen

   本書由三部分組成。 [MSC, trad.]
   本书由三部分组成。 [MSC, simp.]

   Běn shū yóu sān bùfēn zǔchéng. [Pinyin]

   This book is composed of three parts.

7. to pass through

   必由之路  ―  bìyóuzhīlù  ―  the path that must be taken

8. to follow; to let one determine

   身不由己  ―  shēnbùyóujǐ  ―  to be unable to determine for oneself

   由他去吧！  ―  Yóu tā qù ba!  ―  Let him do as he pleases!

   由佢自己做啦！ [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   jau^4-2 keoi⁵ zi⁶ gei² zou⁶ laa¹! [Jyutping]

   Let him do it by himself!

• “由”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. cause, reason
2. from, arising from

• Go-on: ゆ (yu, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ゆう (yū, Jōyō)^{←いう (iu, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: ゆい (yui, Jōyō ^†)
• Kun: よし (yoshi, 由, Jōyō); よる (yoru, 由る); より (yori, 由り); なお (nao, 由)

• 自由(じゆう) (jiyū): freedom
• 自由度(じゆうど) (jiyūdo): flexibility
• 由来(ゆらい) (yurai): origin

由 (eumhun 말미암을 유 (malmiameul yu))

1. Hanja form^? of 유 (“cause; reason”).

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

• On (unclassified): ゆー (yū)

• 自(じ)由(ゆー) (jiyū)

由: Hán Nôm readings: do, dô, ro, yêu, sân

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.