生日

Chinese

 
to be born; to give birth; life
to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw
 
day; sun; date
day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.)
simp. and trad.
(生日)

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial () (21) (38)
Final () (109) (48)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () II III
Fanqie
Baxter sraeng nyit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʃˠæŋ/ /ȵiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʃᵚaŋ/ /ȵit̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʃaŋ/ /ȵʑjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʂaɨjŋ/ /ȵit̚/
Li
Rong
/ʃɐŋ/ /ȵiĕt̚/
Wang
Li
/ʃɐŋ/ /ȵʑĭĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʂɐŋ/ /ȵʑi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shēng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sang1 jat6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3 3/3 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shēng shēng
Middle
Chinese
‹ sræng › ‹ srjæng › ‹ nyit ›
Old
Chinese
/*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?) /*sreŋ/ (or *s.reŋ ?) /*C.nik/
English bear, be born; live bear, be born; live sun; day

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
No. 11312 11322 10845
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sʰleːŋ/ /*sreŋs/ /*njiɡ/

Noun

生日

  1. birthday
    自然生日政治生日 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    zìrán shēngrì huò zhèngzhì shēngrì [Pinyin]
    natural birthdays and political birthdays
    特意生日 [MSC, trad.]
    特意生日 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè shì wǒ tèyì wèi nǐ shēngrì ér zuò de. [Pinyin]
    I made this specially for your birthday.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (生日):

Verb

生⫽日 (verb-object)

  1. (chiefly Cantonese, informal) to have one's birthday; to celebrate one's birthday

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
い(く)
Grade: 1

Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Compound of 生く (iku, to exist, live, archaic) + (hi, day).

Noun

(いく)() • (ikuhi) 

  1. a lucky day, auspicious day
    Synonym: 吉日 (kichijitsu)
Derived terms
  • (いく)()(たる)() (ikuhi no taruhi)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
せい
Grade: 1
じつ
Grade: 1
kan’on

First appeared in 1867.

Possibly borrowed from Chinese 生日 (shēngrì). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) ーじつ [sèéjítsú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [se̞ːʑit͡sɨᵝ]

Noun

(せい)(じつ) • (seijitsu) 

  1. (rare) one's birthday
    Synonyms: 生辰 (seishin), 誕生日 (tanjōbi), 誕辰 (tanshin)

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term

Noun

生日 • (saeng'il) (hangeul 생일)

  1. Hanja form? of 생일 (birthday).

Okinawan

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
っん(まり)
Grade: 1
ふぃー > びー
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
生まり日

Cognate with Japanese 生まれ (umarebi, literally birth-day).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʔm̩maɾibiː/

Noun

(っんまり)(びー) ('nmaribī) 

  1. birthday
Derived terms
  • 生日(っんまりびー)かりゆしやいびーん ('nmaribī kariyushi yaibīn)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
う(まり)
Grade: 1
ふぃー > びー
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
生まり日

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʔumaɾibiː/

Noun

(うまり)(びー) (umaribī) 

  1. birthday

References

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Noun

生日

  1. chữ Hán form of sinh nhật (birthday).
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