U+5371, 危
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5371

[U+5370]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5372]

Translingual

Stroke order
6 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 26, +4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 弓一尸山 (NMSU), four-corner 27212, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 159, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2849
  • Dae Jaweon: page 364, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 312, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5371

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alternative forms
𡴲
𡵁
𡴸

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : (person on a cliff or mountain) + (kneeling person).

Written like 𡴲 during the Warring States period, an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : (person) + (mountain).

Etymology

Starostin reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋō̆j (~-ō̆l) (high, rise) and compares to Burmese ငွား (ngwa:, be large, great, be high, to project prominently above and beyond others), Jingpho [script needed] (ŋoi, to rise, as a hill); & possibly Proto-Kiranti *ŋo-.

Schuessler (2007) notes that Chinese and Written Burmese can be reconciled by assuming an ST final *-l; furthermore, (OC *ŋoi) may be a vocalic variant of (OC *ŋui), which in turn is related to (OC *ŋuih).

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • gûi - literary;
  • hûi - vernacular;
  • ûi/lûi - colloquial.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /uei⁵⁵/
Harbin /uei²¹³/
Tianjin /vei²¹/
Jinan /vei⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ve⁴²/
Zhengzhou /uei⁵³/
Xi'an /uei²¹/
Xining /uɨ²⁴/
Yinchuan /vei⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /vei³¹/
Ürümqi /vei⁵¹/
Wuhan /uei²¹³/
Chengdu /uei³¹/
Guiyang /uei²¹/
Kunming /uei³¹/
Nanjing /uəi²⁴/
Hefei /ue⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /vei¹¹/
Pingyao /uei¹³/
Hohhot /vei³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦue²³/
Suzhou /ɦue̞¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦui²¹³/
Wenzhou /ȵy³¹/
Hui Shexian /ue⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ue⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /uei¹³/
Xiangtan /uəi¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ui⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ŋui¹¹/
Taoyuan /vui¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ŋɐi²¹/
Nanning /ŋɐi²¹/
Hong Kong /ŋɐi²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /gui³⁵/
/hui³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ŋuoi⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ŋy³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /ŋũi⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ŋui³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (31)
Final () (14)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ngjwe
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋˠiuᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋʷᵚiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiuɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋjwiə̆/
Li
Rong
/ŋjue/
Wang
Li
/ŋǐwe/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋwie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
wéi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ngai4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
wēi
Middle
Chinese
‹ ngjwe ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ŋ](r)[o]j/
English in danger

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 12781
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋrol/

Definitions

  1. dangerous
    在旦夕   wēizàidànxī   in imminent danger
    居安思   'ānsīwēi   to think of danger in times of safety
  2. (literary) precarious; high
       wēifēng   towering peak
  3. dying
       bìngwēi   critically ill
       chuíwēi   to be critically ill
  4. (literary) upright; proper
    正襟   zhèngjīnwēizuò   to sit straight solemnly
  5. to endanger; to put in danger
       wēi   to endanger
  6. to fear; to be uneasy
    人人自   rénrénzìwēi   everyone feels insecure
  7. (literary) roof
  8. (~宿) (astronomy) the Roof, a Chinese constellation near Aquarius and Pegasus
  9. (Internet slang, ACG) Danger! (Used usually alone by one to warn or tell other participants or viewers of a video, video game, etc. that one or several persons or things are in danger and dying for help. Originated from a video game.)
  10. a surname

Compounds

  • 三危山 (Sānwēishān)
  • 乘人之危 (chéngrénzhīwēi)
  • 乘危
  • 事危累卵
  • 人人自危 (rénrénzìwēi)
  • 人命危淺人命危浅 (rénmìngwēiqiǎn)
  • 人心惟危
  • 倒懸之危倒悬之危 (dàoxuánzhīwēi)
  • 傾危倾危 (qīngwēi)
  • 危亡 (wēiwáng)
  • 危及 (wēijí)
  • 危在旦夕 (wēizàidànxī)
  • 危坐
  • 危城 (wēichéng)
  • 危如累卵 (wēirúlěiluǎn)
  • 危害 (wēihài)
  • 危宿 (Wēixiù, Wéixiù)
  • 危局 (wēijú)
  • 危屋
  • 危弱
  • 危急 (wēijí)
  • 危惙
  • 危情 (wēiqíng)
  • 危房 (wēifáng)
  • 危於累卵危于累卵
  • 危樓危楼 (wēilóu)
  • 危機危机 (wēijī, wéijī)
  • 危機四伏危机四伏 (wēijīsìfú)
  • 危機意識危机意识
  • 危檣危樯
  • 危殆 (wēidài)
  • 危竿
  • 危篤危笃 (wēidǔ)
  • 危若朝露
  • 危行
  • 危言 (wēiyán)
  • 危言危行
  • 危言正色
  • 危言聳聽危言耸听 (wēiyánsǒngtīng)
  • 危言讜論危言谠论
  • 危邦
  • 危險危险 (wēixiǎn)
  • 危險分子危险分子
  • 危險性危险性 (wēixiǎnxìng)
  • 危險期危险期
  • 危險物危险物
  • 危難危难 (wēinàn)
  • 去危就安
  • 古巴危機古巴危机
  • 國際危機国际危机
  • 垂危 (chuíwēi)
  • 孤危
  • 安不忘危 (ānbùwàngwēi)
  • 安危 (ānwēi)
  • 安必思危
  • 居安思危 (jū'ānsīwēi)
  • 居安慮危居安虑危
  • 居高思危
  • 岌岌可危 (jíjíkěwēi)
  • 忘戰必危忘战必危
  • 忘戰者危忘战者危
  • 慄慄危懼栗栗危惧
  • 扶危 (fúwēi)
  • 扶危定亂扶危定乱
  • 扶危定傾扶危定倾
  • 扶危拯溺
  • 扶危持顛扶危持颠
  • 扶危救困
  • 扶危濟困扶危济困
  • 扶危翼傾扶危翼倾
  • 扶顛持危扶颠持危
  • 拯危扶溺
  • 持危扶顛持危扶颠
  • 拯溺扶危
  • 拯溺濟危拯溺济危
  • 排危
  • 捨安就危舍安就危
  • 撥亂濟危拨乱济危
  • 救困扶危 (jiù kùn fúwēi)
  • 整襟危坐
  • 旦夕之危
  • 桓殷危語
  • 正色危言
  • 正襟危坐 (zhèngjīnwēizuò)
  • 涉危履險涉危履险
  • 涉艱履危涉艰履危
  • 潛在危機潜在危机
  • 濟困扶危济困扶危
  • 濟弱扶危济弱扶危
  • 瀕危濒危 (bīnwēi)
  • 病危 (bìngwēi)
  • 直言危行
  • 知安忘危
  • 石油危機石油危机
  • 破家危國破家危国
  • 累卵之危
  • 經濟危機经济危机 (jīngjì wēijī)
  • 能源危機能源危机
  • 臨危临危 (línwēi)
  • 臨危下石临危下石
  • 臨危不亂临危不乱 (línwēibùluàn)
  • 臨危不懼临危不惧
  • 臨危不撓临危不挠
  • 臨危不顧临危不顾
  • 臨危受命临危受命
  • 臨危履冰临危履冰
  • 臨危授命临危授命 (línwēishòumìng)
  • 臨危效命临危效命
  • 臨危自悔临危自悔
  • 臨危自省临危自省
  • 臨危自計临危自计
  • 臨危致命临危致命
  • 自危
  • 艱危艰危 (jiānwēi)
  • 處安思危处安思危 (chǔ'ānsīwēi)
  • 見危见危
  • 見危受命见危受命
  • 見危授命见危授命
  • 見危致命见危致命
  • 解危
  • 變危為安变危为安
  • 趁人之危
  • 轉危為安转危为安 (zhuǎnwēiwéi'ān)
  • 阽危 (diànwēi)
  • 高而不危
  • 齒危髮秀齿危发秀

Pronunciation 2

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“(Teochew) high; tall”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

References

Japanese

Shinjitai
Kyūjitai
[1][2]

󠄁
+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
󠄄
+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. danger

Readings

Compounds

References

  1. Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 372 (paper), page 236 (digital)
  2. Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 261 (paper), page 142 (digital)

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 위태할 (witaehal wi))

  1. dangerous, precarious
  2. high

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: nguy, ngoay, ngoe, nguầy, ngùy/nguỳ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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