تم

Cognate with Hebrew תם (tám).

• Verb: IPA^(key): /tam.ma/

تَمَّ • (tamma) I, non-past يَتِمُّ‎ (yatimmu)

1. to be fulfilled, to be completed
2. (proscribed) to come about, to happen, to take place
3. to persist (in) (with عَلَى (ʕalā))
4. to continue (something) (with عَلَى (ʕalā))

• Particularly in newspaper and media style, تَمَّ (tamma) is often used with a verbal noun as its subject to express the English passive:

تَمَّ ٱعْتِقالُ عَدَدٍ مِنَ ٱلْعَناصِرِ ٱلْإرْهابِيَّةِ فِي ٱلْقاهِرَةِ لَيْلَةَ ٱلْأَمْسِ.

tamma ʕtiqālu ʕadadin mina l-ʕanāṣiri l-ʔirhābiyyati fī l-qāhirati laylata l-ʔamsi.

A number of terrorist militants were arrested in Cairo last night.

تَمّ or تِمّ or تُمّ • (tamm or timm or tumm) m

1. verbal noun of تَمَّ (tamma) (form I)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

تَمّ • (tamm) m

1. swan (Cygnus gen. et spp.)

   Synonym: إِوَزٌّ عِرَاقِيّ (ʔiwazzun ʕirāqiyy)

• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “تم”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 206
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “تم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 315
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “تم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 117
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “تم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 187

From Arabic ثَمَّ (ṯamma).

• IPA^(key): /tamm/

تم • (tamm)

1. Alternative form of تمة (tamma): there

Middle Persian [script needed] (tom, tam, “dark”), from Proto-Iranian *támHah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *támHas, from Proto-Indo-European *témHos (“darkness”), from *temH- (“dark”).

تَم • (tam)

1. (archaic) darkness, blackness
2. a disease in the eye, the web or cataract on the pupil
3. any veil or covering

Borrowed from French thème.

تِم • (tem)

1. theme

From Arabic فَم (fam) through فُمّ (fumm) and then dissimilated ثُمّ (ṯumm).

• IPA^(key): /tumm/, [tʊm]
• IPA^(key): /temm/, [tɪm]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

تم • (tumm, temm) m (plural تمام (tmām))

1. mouth

Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe), from Sanskrit युष्मान् (yuṣmān, acc. pl.) adopting the initial sounds of त्वम् (tvám, nom. sg.).

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /t̪ʊm/

تُم • (tum) (Hindi spelling तुम)

1. (semiformal, familiar) second-person subjective or objective personal pronoun, grammatically plural: you, ye; Early Modern English ye.

   کیا تم مجھ سے محبت کرتی ہو؟

   kyā tum mujh-se mohabbat kartī ho?

   Do you love me?

   تم جیسے لوگوں کی ہی ضرورت ہے یہاں۔

   tum jaise logõ kī hī zarūrat hai yahā̃.

   People like you are needed here.

• تم is the mid level formal way of expressing "you" in Urdu and is used when addressing those of equal social status or those one has a close enough relationship with to justify the reduced formality. Because the less formal forms could offend others, آپ (āp) is the safest way to express "you" unless there is reason to be less formal.
• Because تم is grammatically plural (adjectives and verbs etc affected by it take their plural forms) even when there is only one person being referred to, the term تم لوگ (literally: you people) can be used to specify that more than one person is being referred to.

تُم • (tum) (Hindi spelling तुम)

1. The individual or group spoken or written to; you, ye, Early Modern English ye.

   تم احمق کوئی کام کے نہیں ہو۔

   tum ahmaq ko'ī kām ke nahī̃ ho.

   You idiots are of no use.

• آپ (āp) - formal, polite, grammatically plural
• تُو (tū) - informal, intimate, contemptuous or possibly vulgar, grammatically singular