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Arabic
Etymology 1
Letter
ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه • (hāʔ)
Etymology 2
Pronoun
ـهُ or ـهُۥ or ـهِ or ـهِۦ • (-hu or -hū or -hi or -hī) m sg
- him, his, it, its (bound object pronoun, referring to inanimate nouns of masculine gender)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 5:32:
- مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَٰلِكَ كَتَبْنَا عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنَّهُ مَن قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَا أَحْيَا النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا
- min ʔajli ḏālika katabnā ʕalā banī ʔisrāʔīla ʔannahu man qatala nafsan bi-ḡayri nafsin ʔaw fasādin fi l-ʔarḍi fa-ka-ʔannamā qatala n-nāsa jamīʕan wa-man ʔaḥyāhā fa-ka-ʔannamā ʔaḥyā n-nāsa jamīʕan
- Because of that, We decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one - it is as if he had saved mankind entirely. And our messengers had certainly come to them with clear proofs. Then indeed many of them, [even] after that, throughout the land, were transgressors.
Usage notes
The form ـهِ (-hi) appears after y and ī, the form ـهِ (-hī) after i, the form ـهُ (-hu) after other consonants and long vowels, the form ـهُ (-hū) after short vowels.
See also
Arabic personal pronouns | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Isolated nominative pronouns | ||||
singular | dual | plural | ||
1st person | أَنَا (ʔanā) | نَحْنُ (naḥnu) | ||
2nd person | m | أَنْتَ (ʔanta) | أَنْتُمَا (ʔantumā) | أَنْتُمْ (ʔantum) |
f | أَنْتِ (ʔanti) | أَنْتُنَّ (ʔantunna) | ||
3rd person | m | هُوَ (huwa) | هُمَا (humā) | هُمْ (hum), هُمُ (humu)1 |
f | هِيَ (hiya) | هُنَّ (hunna) | ||
Isolated accusative pronouns | ||||
singular | dual | plural | ||
1st person | إِيَّايَ (ʔiyyāya) | إِيَّانَا (ʔiyyānā) | ||
2nd person | m | إِيَّاكَ (ʔiyyāka) | إِيَّاكُمَا (ʔiyyākumā) | إِيَّاكُم (ʔiyyākum) |
f | إِيَّاكِ (ʔiyyāki) | إِيَّاكُنَّ (ʔiyyākunna) | ||
3rd person | m | إِيَّاهُ (ʔiyyāhu) | إِيَّاهُمَا (ʔiyyāhumā) | إِيَّاهُمْ (ʔiyyāhum) |
f | إِيَّاهَا (ʔiyyāhā) | إِيَّاهُنَّ (ʔiyyāhunna) | ||
Enclitic accusative and genitive pronouns | ||||
singular | dual | plural | ||
1st person | ـنِي (-nī), ـنِيَ (-niya), ـي (-y), ـيَ (-ya)2 | ـنَا (-nā) | ||
2nd person | m | ـكَ (-ka) | ـكُمَا (-kumā) | ـكُم (-kum) |
f | ـكِ (-ki) | ـكُنَّ (-kunna) | ||
3rd person | m | ـهُ (-hu), ـهِ (-hi)3 | ـهُمَا (-humā), ـهِمَا (-himā)3 | ـهُم (-hum), ـهِم (-him)3 |
f | ـهَا (-hā) | ـهُنَّ (-hunna), ـهِنَّ (-hinna)3 | ||
1. هُمْ (hum) becomes هُمُ (humu) before the definite article الـ (al--). 2. Specifically, ـنِي (-nī, “me”) is attached to verbs, but ـِي (-ī) or ـيَ (-ya, “my”) is attached to nouns. In the latter case, ـيَ (-ya) is attached to nouns whose construct state ends in a long vowel or diphthong (e.g. in the sound masculine plural and the dual), while ـِي (-ī) is attached to nouns whose construct state ends in a short vowel, in which case that vowel is elided (e.g. in the sound feminine plural, as well as the singular and broken plural of most nouns). Furthermore, -ū of the masculine sound plural is assimilated to -ī before ـيَ (-ya) (presumably, -aw of masculine defective -an plurals is similarly assimilated to -ay). Prepositions use ـِي (-ī) or ـيَ (-ya), even though in this case it has the meaning of “me” rather than “my”. The sisters of inna can use either form (e.g. إِنَّنِي (ʔinnanī) or إِنِّي (ʔinnī)). 3. ـهِـ (-hi-) occurs after -i, -ī, or -ay, and ـهُـ (-hu-) elsewhere (after -a, -ā, -u, -ū, -aw). |
Etymology 3
Etymology 4
From Proto-Semitic *ha. Cognate to Hebrew הֲ־ (hă-).
Derived terms
- هَل (hal)
See also
- (Arabic script letters) ا (ʔalif), ب (bāʔ), ت (tāʔ), ث (ṯāʔ), ج (jīm), ح (ḥāʔ), خ (ḵāʔ), د (dāl), ذ (ḏāl), ر (rāʔ), ز (zāy), س (sīn), ش (šīn), ص (ṣād), ض (ḍād), ط (ṭāʔ), ظ (ẓāʔ), ع (ʕayn), غ (ḡayn), ف (fāʔ), ق (qāf), ك (kāf), ل (lām), م (mīm), ن (nūn), ه (hāʔ), و (wāw), ي (yāʔ)
- ة
- ہ (Kurdish /æ/ and Uyghur /ɛ/ or /æ/)
- ہ (h) (Urdu he)
- ھ (h) (Urdu, Kashmiri, and Punjabi do-cašmī he)
- Wikipedia article on the Arabic alphabet
- Search for entries beginning with ه
Egyptian Arabic
Usage notes
After a vowel, manifests itself only by lengthening the vowel and transferring the stress onto it (except before the negative suffix š, where it appears as -hū-).
Malay
Pronunciation
- (Name of letter) IPA(key): [hɐ simpol], [hɐ bəsa(r)]
- (Phoneme) IPA(key): [h]
Letter
ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه
North Levantine Arabic
Alternative forms
Suffix
ـه or ه • (-o/-u after consonant or -h after vowel) m
Usage notes
Ottoman Turkish
Letter
ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه • (he)
- A letter of the Ottoman Turkish alphabet.
Usage notes
- When used as a vowel, never connects to the following letter.
- At the end of an Arabic word ending in teh marbuta, sometimes written as ة to reflect the etymology.
- At the end of the first word in an ezafe construct, when representing a vowel, sometimes written هٔ to suggest a stop between the end of the base word and the normally unwritten vowel of the -i suffix.
Etymology 2
From Proto-Turkic *-ke.
Suffix
ـه • (-a, -e)
- Forms dative case
Suffix
ـه • (-a, -e)
Derived terms
Pashto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ˈɡərda he/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /h/, /a/, /ə/
Letter
ه • (gërda he)
- The thirty-ninth letter of the Pashto alphabet.
Forms
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ه | ـه | ـهـ | هـ |
Persian
Pronunciation
- (phonemes):
- (Formal, all dialects) IPA(key): [h].
- (colloquial, Dari) IPA(key): [ɑː], [w], [j] or deleted.
- (lettername):
- (Classical Persian, Dari) IPA(key): /heː/
- (Iranian Persian) IPA(key): /he/
Audio (file) - Homophones: ح
Letter
ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه • (he)
- The thirty-first letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by و and followed by ی. Its name is هه/هِ (in Iran) or هی (Classical Persian and Dari).
Usage notes
- Most colloquial dialects in Afghanistan have lost the glottal consonants /h/ and /ʔ/. They are either deleted, replaced by /j/ or /w/ (near i/ī or u/ū), or, when proceeded by a َ (“zabar”), replaced by the phoneme /ɑ/.
Etymology 2
From Middle Persian -k' (-ag), from Proto-Iranian *-akah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-akas . Compare Old Armenian -ակ (-ak).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [.ʔa]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [.ʔä]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [.ʔä]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [.ʔä]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [.ʔe]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [.ʔä]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | -a |
Dari reading? | -a |
Iranian reading? | -e |
Tajik reading? | -a |
Suffix
Dari | ـه |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | -а |
ـه • (-e)
- Suffix forming adjectives from verbal stems
- Suffix forming nouns, from adjectives and present stems
- (colloquial) Suffix functioning as the impersonal pronoun one (“one thing (among a group of others)”), also used as definite article in colloquial Iranian Persian.
- کدومو میخوای؟ آبیه.
- - kodum'o mi-xây? -âbie.
- - Which one do you want? -The blue one.
Usage notes
Nouns formed with this suffix may take the ezafe spelled as such: ـهٔ (-e-ye) or sometimes ـهی (-e-ye).
Derived terms
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [.ʔa]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [.ʔä]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [.ʔä]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [.ʔä]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [.ʔe]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [.ʔä]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | -a |
Dari reading? | -a |
Iranian reading? | -e |
Tajik reading? | -a |
Usage notes
Same as above.
Derived terms
South Levantine Arabic
Alternative forms
Usage notes
See also
South Levantine Arabic enclitic pronouns | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
after consonant | after vowel | |||
1st person | after verb | ـني (-ni) | ـنا (-na) | |
else | ـِي (-i) | ـي (-y) | ||
2nd person | m | ـَك (-ak) | ـك (-k) | ـكُم (-kom) / ـكو (-ku) |
f | ـِك (-ek) | ـكي (-ki) | ||
3rd person | m | ـُه (-o) | ـه (-h) | ـهُم (-hom) |
f | ـها (-ha) |
Etymology 2
Clipping of هاد (hād).
Determiner
هـ • (ha-)
Yoruba
Forms
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ه | ـه | ـهـ | هـ |