皇皇

Chinese

		emperor; surname	emperor; surname
simp. and trad. (皇皇)		皇	皇

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): huánghuáng

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wong⁴ wong⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huánghuáng
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huánghuáng
  - Wade–Giles: huang²-huang²
  - Yale: hwáng-hwáng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwanghwang
  - Palladius: хуанхуан (xuanxuan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wong⁴ wong⁴
  - Yale: wòhng wòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wong⁴ wong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wong⁴ wong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔːŋ²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

Middle Chinese: hwang hwang

Rime
Character	皇
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	唐 (102)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡光切
Baxter	hwang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦwɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwaŋ/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑŋ/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣwɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wong⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷˤaŋ [ɢ]ʷˤaŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷaːŋ ɡʷaːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	皇	皇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huáng	huáng
Middle Chinese	‹ hwang ›	‹ hwang ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷˁaŋ/	/*[ɢ]ʷˁaŋ/
English	yellow and white spotted	sovereign
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	皇
Reading #	1/1
No.	12696
Phonetic component	王
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	黃
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷaːŋ/
Notes	禮王制鄭注冕屬，金文象羽冠，王聲；或雲象日射輝則爲暀晃初文

Adjective

皇皇

(literary, ideophonic) magnificent; glorious; majestic; splendid
(literary, ideophonic) brilliant; shining; radiant
(literary, ideophonic) vast; wide-reaching
(literary, ideophonic) Alternative form of 惶惶 (huánghuáng, “anxious; uneasy”)
(literary, ideophonic) Alternative form of 惶惶 (huánghuáng, “hurried; hasty”)

Synonyms

(magnificent):

奭 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
富盛 (fùshèng) (literary)
張皇／张皇 (zhānghuáng) (literary)
浩大 (hàodà)
盛大 (shèngdà)
籍甚 (jíshèn) (literary)
隆重 (lóngzhòng)
麃麃 (biāobiāo) (literary)

Derived terms

人心皇皇
倉倉皇皇／仓仓皇皇
堂堂皇皇
文武皇皇
汲汲皇皇
皇皇不可終日／皇皇不可终日
皇皇后帝
皇皇汲汲
皇皇矞矞

Korean

Hanja in this term
皇	皇

Noun

皇皇 • (hwanghwang) (hangeul 황황)

Hanja form^? of 황황 (“beautiful and holy figure”).

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