濁音

濁音

1. (phonetics) voiced sound

• 清音 (qīngyīn)

Literary Chinese 濁音 (zhuóyīn, literally “muddy sound”)

• (Tokyo) だくおん [dàkúóń] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) だく​おん [dàkúꜜòǹ] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [da̠kɯ̟ᵝõ̞ɴ]

濁(だく)音(おん) • (dakuon) 

1. (traditional Chinese phonology) a voiced onset obstruent
2. (traditional Japanese phonology) a mora with a voiced onset obstruent

   Hypernym: 熟音

   • 1893 March, 宗司 大宮, “第三章　　濁音　半濁音及その文字 [Chapter 3: Muddy Sounds, Semi-Muddy Sounds and How to Write Them]”, in 日本辭林 [A Japanese Dictionary], Tokyo: Hakubunkan, page 10:

     五十音の外に、また、一種の熟音あり。これを濁音、及び、半濁音といふ。濁音とは、本音を濁りて呼ぶものにて、子音の中、加、佐、多、波、の四行の諸音をいふ。この音を示すには別に、その文字なく、本音の假字の肩に、二個の小點を加ふ。卽ち、左の如し。

     Gojūon no soto ni, mata, isshu no jukuon ari. Kore o dakuon, oyobi, handakuon to iu. Dakuon to wa, hon’on o nigorite yobu mono nite, shion no naka, ka, sa, ta, ha, no shigyō no shoon o iu. Kono on o shimesu ni wa betsu ni, sono moji naku, hon’on no kana no kata ni, niko no shōten o kuwau. Sunawachi, hidari no gotoshi.

     Outside the fifty sounds, there is yet another class of complex sounds. These are called ‘muddy sounds’ and ‘semi-muddy sounds’. Muddy sounds are the base child sounds of the four rows ka, sa, ta and ha, being muddied up when they are pronounced. There are no letters to specifically note these sounds, so two small dots are added on the shoulders of the kana for the base sounds, as shown on the left.

   • 1902, Hirano, Hidekichi, “第十九章　　淸音濁音半濁音 [Chapter 19: Clear Sounds, Muddy Sounds and Semi-Muddy Sounds]”, in 國語聲音學 [The Phonetics of the National Language], 國光社, page 151:

     舊來の音韻では濁音といふものがあって、
     が　ぎ　ぐ　げ　ご
     ざ　じ　ず　ぜ　ぞ
     だ　ぢ　づ　で　ど
     ば　び　ぶ　べ　ぼ
     の四行二十音を之に充てゝ居る。

     Kyūrai no on’in de wa dakuon to iu mono ga atte,
     ga gi gu ge go
     za ji zu ze zo
     da ji zu de do
     ba bi bu be bo
     no shigyō nijūon o kore ni atete iru.

     In traditional phonology, ‘muddy sounds’ are the twenty sounds arranged in four rows as follows:
     ga gi gu ge go
     za ji zu ze zo
     da ji zu de do
     ba bi bu be bo

   • 1905 June, 黃山 片岡, “濁音の符 [Noting Muddy Sounds]”, in 黃山著作集, Saitama: Suharaya, page 22:

     濁音は假字の右肩に二箇の點（゛）を附して濁音符とおす、次ぎの例を見るべし、

     Dakuon wa kana no migikata ni niko no ten (゛) o fushite dakuonpu to osu, tsugi no rei o miru beshi,

     A ‘muddy sound’ is noted by attaching two dots (゛) to the right shoulder of a kana, as seen in the following examples,

• 半(はん)濁(だく)音(おん) (handakuon)
• 濁(だく)点(てん) (dakuten)
• 清(せい)音(おん) (seion)