سر

See also: سز, شر, and ـسز

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
س ر ر (s-r-r)

Compare Hebrew Hebrew אושר.

Verb

سَرَّ • (sarra) I, non-past يَسُرُّ‎ (yasurru)

  1. to gladden, to make happy, to delight, to cheer, to rejoice
  2. to satisfy
  3. to pass
Conjugation

Verb

سُرَّ • (surra) I, non-past يُسَرُّ‎ (yusarru)

  1. to be glad, to be happy, to be delighted, to take pleasure in
Conjugation

Noun

سَرّ • (sarr) m

  1. verbal noun of سَرَّ (sarra) (form I)
Declension

Etymology 2

Denominal verb from سُرّ (surr, umbilical cord) and سُرَّة (surra, navel).

Verb

سَرَّ • (sarra) I, non-past يَسُرُّ‎ (yasurru)

  1. to cut off the navel string of (someone)
  2. to hurt the navel of (someone)
Conjugation

Etymology 3

Denominal verb from سُرَّة (surra, navel).

Verb

سَرَّ • (sarra) I, non-past يَسَرُّ‎ (yasarru)

  1. to complain of pain in the navel
Conjugation

Noun

سِرّ • (sirr) m (plural أَسْرَار (ʔasrār)) (countable and uncountable)

  1. secret, secret thought
  2. heart, inmost
  3. secrecy, mystery
  4. sacrament (Christianity)
  5. underlying reason
Declension
Antonyms
Descendants
  • Hausa: àsīr̃ī
  • Malay: sir
    • Indonesian: sir
  • Persian: سر (serr)
    • Azerbaijani: sirr
    • Bashkir: сер (ser)
    • Kazakh: сыр (syr)
    • Kyrgyz: сыр (sır)
    • Northern Kurdish: surr
    • Pashto: سر (ser)
    • Tajik: сир (sir)
    • Tatar: сер (ser)
    • Turkmen: syr
    • Ottoman Turkish: سر (sirr, sır)
    • Urdu: سر (ser)
    • Uyghur: سىر (sir)
    • Uzbek: sir
  • Swahili: siri

Noun

سِرّ • (sirr) m (plural أَسِرَّة (ʔasirra) or أَسْرَار (ʔasrār) or أَسَارِير (ʔasārīr))

  1. line in the palm
Declension

Etymology 5

Compare Ugaritic 𐎌𐎗 (šr).

Noun

سُرّ • (surr) m (plural أَسِرَّة (ʔasirra))

  1. verbal noun of سَرَّ (sarra) (form I)
  2. umbilical cord, navel string
Declension

Etymology 6

From Ottoman Turkish سر (ser), from Persian سر (sar).

Noun

سَر • (sar) m

  1. (in compounds) head, chief
    سِرْدَار (sirdār)supreme commander; commanding general
    سَرْعَسْكَر (sarʕaskar)Ottoman general
    سِرْيَاوَرَان (siryāwarān)adjutant general
Declension

Verb

سِرْ • (sir) (form I)

  1. second-person masculine singular active imperative of سَارَ (sāra)

Baluchi

Noun

سر • (sar)

  1. (anatomy) head
  2. top

See also

Burushaski

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [saɾ]

Noun

سر (sar) (plural سرݸ)

  1. rabbit

Noun

سر (sar) (plural سرݸ)

  1. thread

References

  • Sadaf Munshi (2015) “Word Lists”, in Burushaski Language Documentation Project.

Kalkoti

Noun

سر (sar)

  1. lake

Kohistani Shina

Noun

سر (ser)

  1. top

Laki

Noun

سر (sir)

  1. head

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From Persian سر (sar).

Noun

سر • (ser)

  1. head
  2. chief, head, leading
  3. end, summit, tip
Synonyms
Derived terms
  • سرعسكر (serʼasker, commander in chief)
Descendants

Etymology 2

From Arabic سِرّ (sirr).

Noun

سر • (sirr, sır)

  1. secret, concealed thing
Descendants

References

  • Zenker, Julius Theodor (1876) “سر”, in Türkisch-arabisch-persisches Handwörterbuch, volume 2 (overall work in German and French), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, pages 501–502

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭫𐭥𐭩𐭱𐭤 (LOYŠE /⁠sar⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *cŕ̥Hah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćŕ̥Has, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-; see there for further information.

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? sar
Dari reading? sar
Iranian reading? sar
Tajik reading? sar
  • Rhymes: -ar

Noun

Dari سر
Iranian Persian
Tajik сар

سَر • (sar) (plural سرها (sar-hâ))

  1. (anatomy) head
  2. the topmost, foremost, or leading part; head
  3. (Sistani) a kind of clay
Inflection
    Enclitic-attached forms of سر (sar) (Iranian Persian)
    Basic forms of سر (sar)
singular plural
bare سر
(sar)
سرها
(sar-hấ)
سرا
(sarấ)
definitive direct object سر را
(sar râ)
سر رو
(saro)
سرها را
(sar-hấ râ)
سرا رو
(sarấ ro)
ezâfe سر
(sar-e)
سرهای
(sar-hấ-ye)
سرای
(sarấ-ye)
marked indefinite
or relative definite
سری
(sar-i)
سرهایی
(sarấn-i, sar-hấ-i)
سرایی
(sarấi)
Colloquial.
    Possessive forms of سر (sar)
singular plural
1st person singular
(“my”)
سرم
(saram)
سر‌هایم
(sar-hấyam)
سر‌هام، سرام
(sarấm)
2nd person singular
(“your”)
سرت
(sarat)
[Term?]
(saret)
سر‌هایت
(sar-hấyat)
سر‌هات، سرات
(sarất)
3rd person singular
(“his, her, its”)
سرش
(saraš)
[Term?]
(sareš)
سر‌هایش
(sar-hấyaš)
سر‌هاش، سراش
(sarấš)
1st plural
(“our”)
سرمان
(saremân)
سرمون
(saremun)
سر‌هایمان
(sar-hấyemân)
سر‌هامون، سرامون
(sarấmun)
2nd plural
(“your”)
سرتان
(saretân)
سرتون
(saretun)
سر‌هایتان
(sar-hấyetân)
سر‌هاتون، سراتون
(sarấtun)
3rd plural
(“their”)
سرشان
(sarešân)
سرشون
(sarešun)
سر‌هایشان
(sar-hấyešân)
سر‌هاشون، سراشون
(sarấšun)
Colloquial.
    Predicative forms of سر (sar)
singular plural
1st person
(“I am, we are”)
سرم
(saram)
سریم
(sarim)
2nd person
(“you are”)
سری
(sari)
سرید
(sarid)
سرین
(sarin)
3rd person
(“he/she/it is, they are”)
سر است
(sar ast)
سره
(sare)
سرند
(sarand)
سرن
(saran)
Colloquial.

Adverb

سر • (sar)

  1. (chiefly Dari) on top, on
    «کِلِیدِ مَن اَز کُجَاسْت» «آن سَرِ میز اَسْت» (Dari, formal)
    “kilīd-i man az kujāst” “ān sar-i mēz ast”
    «کِلِیِ مَه اَز کُجَیَه؟» «اُو سَرِ میزَه» (Dari, informal)
    “kilī-yi ma az kujaya?” “ū sar-i mēz-a”
    "where are my keys?" "they are on the table"

Noun

سَر • (sar) (plural سران (sarân))

  1. leader, chief
Derived terms
  • سرآغاز (sar-âğâz)
  • سراسر (sarâsar)
  • سراسری (sarâsari)
  • سرباز (sar-bâz)
  • سربداران (Sar-be-dâr-ân)
  • سربلند (sar-boland)
  • سربه‌زیر (sar-be-zir)
  • سربه‌هوا (sar-be-havâ)
  • سرتاسر (sar-tâ-sar)
  • سرتاپا (sar-tâ-pâ)
  • سرتیپ (sar-tip)
  • سرجوخه (sar-juxe)
  • سردر (sar-dar)
  • سردرد (sar-dard)
  • سردفتر (sar-daftar)
  • سرسام (sarsâm)
  • سرسام‌آور (sarsâm-âvar)
  • سرصفحه (sar-safhe)
  • سرلشکر (sar-laškar)
  • سرچشمه (sar-češme)
  • سرگرم (sar-garm)
  • سرگروه (sar-goruh)
  • سرگیجه (sar-gije)
Descendants
  • Hindustani:
    Hindi: सर (sar)
    Urdu: سر (sar)
  • Ottoman Turkish: سر (ser)
  • ? Pashto: سر (sar)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic سِرّ (sirr, secret).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? sir
Dari reading? sir
Iranian reading? ser
Tajik reading? sir

Noun

سِرّ • (serr) (plural اسرار (asrâr))

  1. secret
Inflection
    Enclitic-attached forms of سر (serr) (Iranian Persian)
    Basic forms of سر (serr)
singular plural
bare سر
(serr)
سر‌ها
(serr-hấ)
سرا
(serrấ)
definitive direct object سر را
(serr râ)
سر رو
(serro)
سر‌ها را
(serr-hấ râ)
سرا رو
(serrấ ro)
ezâfe سر
(serr-e)
سر‌های
(serr-hấ-ye)
سرای
(serrấ-ye)
marked indefinite
or relative definite
سری
(serr-i)
سر‌هایی
(serrấn-i, serr-hấ-i)
سرایی
(serrấi)
Colloquial.
    Possessive forms of سر (serr)
singular plural
1st person singular
(“my”)
سرم
(serram)
سر‌هایم
(serr-hấyam)
سر‌هام، سرام
(serrấm)
2nd person singular
(“your”)
سرت
(serrat)
[Term?]
(serret)
سر‌هایت
(serr-hấyat)
سر‌هات، سرات
(serrất)
3rd person singular
(“his, her, its”)
سرش
(serraš)
[Term?]
(serreš)
سر‌هایش
(serr-hấyaš)
سر‌هاش، سراش
(serrấš)
1st plural
(“our”)
سرمان
(serremân)
سرمون
(serremun)
سر‌هایمان
(serr-hấyemân)
سر‌هامون، سرامون
(serrấmun)
2nd plural
(“your”)
سرتان
(serretân)
سرتون
(serretun)
سر‌هایتان
(serr-hấyetân)
سر‌هاتون، سراتون
(serrấtun)
3rd plural
(“their”)
سرشان
(serrešân)
سرشون
(serrešun)
سر‌هایشان
(serr-hấyešân)
سر‌هاشون، سراشون
(serrấšun)
Colloquial.
Synonyms

Etymology 3

A transliteration of the English title Sir.

Noun

سِر • (ser)

  1. Sir (the titular prefix given to a knight or baronet)
    سر تیم برنرز لیser tim bernerz liSir Tim Berners-Lee
Usage notes

Used in transliteration only.

Punjabi

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-; see there for more.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sɪɾ/

Noun

سِر • (sir) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਿਰ)

  1. head

Saraiki

Etymology

From Sanskrit शिरस् (śiras).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sɪɾ/

Noun

سِر (sir) m

  1. (anatomy) head

Shina

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sʌr/

Noun

سر (sar)

  1. lake
  2. (rare) ocean

Sindhi

Etymology

From Sanskrit शिरस् (śiras).

Noun

سر • (siru) m (Devanagari सिरु)

  1. head

South Levantine Arabic

Root
س ر ر
3 terms

Etymology

From Arabic سِرّ (sirr).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sirr/, [sɪr]
  • (file)

Noun

سرّ • (sirr) m (plural أسرار (ʔasrār) or سرار (srār))

  1. secret

Southwestern Fars

Adjective

سر (so:r, sōr)

  1. (Kuzarg) red

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit शर (śara).

Noun

سَر • (sar) m (Hindi spelling सर)

  1. arrow

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Sanskrit [Term?].

Adjective

سَر • (sar) (Hindi spelling सर)

  1. going
  2. moving
  3. proceeding

Noun

سَر • (sar) ? (Hindi spelling सर)

  1. motion
  2. milk
  3. waterfall
  4. salt
  5. cream

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Sanskrit सरस् (saras).

Noun

سَر • (sar) m (Hindi spelling सर)

  1. lake
  2. pond
  3. pool
  4. tank

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Classical Persian سر (sar). Cognate with Sanskrit शिरस् (śiras). Doublet of سر (sir, head).

Noun

سَر • (sar) m (Hindi spelling सर)

  1. head
  2. top
  3. pinnacle
  4. tip
  5. origin
  6. head
  7. chief
  8. intention
  9. aim, goal
  10. end

Etymology 5

Borrowed from Sanskrit शिर (śira).

Adverb

سِر • (sir) (Hindi spelling सिर)

  1. initially

Noun

سِر • (sir) m (Hindi spelling सिर)

  1. head
  2. skull
  3. top
  4. summit
  5. crown
  6. pinnacle
  7. beginning
  8. commencement

Etymology 6

Borrowed from Classical Persian سر (sir(r)), from Arabic سِرّ (sirr).

Noun

سِر or سِرّ • (sir or sirr) m (Hindi spelling सिर्र)

  1. secret
  2. mystery

Etymology 7

Borrowed from Sanskrit सुर (sura).

Noun

سُر • (sur) m (Hindi spelling सुर)

  1. god
  2. deity
  3. angel
  4. sun

Etymology 8

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्वर (svara).

Noun

سُر • (sur) m (Hindi spelling सुर)

  1. sound
  2. voice
  3. tone
  4. tune
  5. harmony
  6. melody
  7. song
  8. air

Etymology 9

Borrowed from Classical Persian سر (sur), from Sanskrit शूल (śūla).

Noun

سُر • (sur) m (Hindi spelling सुर)

  1. swordfish
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