< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćŕ̥Has

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱŕ̥h₂-os ~ ḱŕ̥h₂-es-, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; horn”).

Noun

*ćŕ̥Has n[1]

  1. head, top

Derived terms
  • *prá ćŕ̥Has (“front of the head”)
    • Proto-Nuristani: *praćíra (“above”)
      • Northern Nuristani:

Descendants
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śŕ̥Has
    • Sanskrit: शिरस् (śíras)
      • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)
      • Dardic:
        • Kashmiri: [script needed] (hīrü)
        • Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (šīr)
      • Helu Prakrit:
        • Sinhalese: සිර (sira)
      • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)
        • Assamese: সিৰ (xir)
        • Bengali: শির (śir)
        • Maithili: सिर (sir)
        • Odia: ସିର (sirô)
      • Pali: siras
      • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)
  • Proto-Iranian: *cŕ̥Hah[2]
    • Central Iranian:
    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Ossetian: сӕр (sær)
      • Sogdian: [script needed] (sr-)
    • Northwestern Iranian:
      • Northern Kurdish: ser (sar, “head”)
      • Parachi: sȫr
      • Parthian:
        Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫡 (sr /⁠sar⁠/)
        Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭓𐭉𐭔𐭀 (RYŠʾ /⁠sar⁠/)
    • Southwestern Iranian:
      • Middle Persian:
        Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫡 (sr /⁠sar⁠/)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (sl /⁠sar⁠/)
        Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭫𐭥𐭩𐭱𐭤 (LOYŠE /⁠sar⁠/)
        • Persian: سر (sar)
          • → Hindustani:
            Hindi: सर (sar)
            Urdu: سر (sar)
          • → Ottoman Turkish: سر (ser)
          • →? Pashto: سر (sar)
        • → Old Armenian: *սար- (*sar-, “head, master”)
    • → Old Armenian: կախարդա-սար (kaxarda-sar), սաղ-աւարտ (sał-awart)
    • → Middle Armenian: Մանկա-սար (Manka-sar)
  • Proto-Nuristani: *ćíra
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Kamkata-viri:
        Kamviri: ćeř (“top”) (in compounds)

References
  1. Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “śíras-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  2. Čong (Cheung), Dž. (2009) T. K. Salbijeva, transl., Očerki istoričeskovo razvitija osetinskovo vokalizma [Studies in the Historical Development of the Ossetic Vocalism] (in Russian), Vladikavkaz: Izdatelʹsko-poligrafičeskoje predprijatije im. V. Gassijeva, →ISBN, pages 78, 314
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