शिरस्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
  • শিৰস্ (Assamese script)
  • ᬰᬶᬭᬲ᭄ (Balinese script)
  • শিরস্ (Bengali script)
  • 𑰫𑰰𑰨𑰭𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀰𑀺𑀭𑀲𑁆 (Brahmi script)
  • ၐိရသ် (Burmese script)
  • શિરસ્ (Gujarati script)
  • ਸ਼ਿਰਸ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌶𑌿𑌰𑌸𑍍 (Grantha script)
  • ꦯꦶꦫꦱ꧀ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂬𑂱𑂩𑂮𑂹 (Kaithi script)
  • ಶಿರಸ್ (Kannada script)
  • ឝិរស៑ (Khmer script)
  • ຨິຣສ຺ (Lao script)
  • ശിരസ് (Malayalam script)
  • ᡧᡳᡵᠠᠰ᠌ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘫𑘱𑘨𑘭𑘿 (Modi script)
  • ᠱᠢᠷᠠᠰ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑧋𑧒𑧈𑧍𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐱𑐶𑐬𑐳𑑂 (Newa script)
  • ଶିରସ୍ (Odia script)
  • ꢯꢶꢬꢱ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆯𑆴𑆫𑆱𑇀 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖫𑖰𑖨𑖭𑖿 (Siddham script)
  • ශිරස් (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩿𑩑𑩼𑪁 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚧𑚮𑚤𑚨𑚶 (Takri script)
  • ஶிரஸ் (Tamil script)
  • శిరస్ (Telugu script)
  • ศิรสฺ (Thai script)
  • ཤི་ར་ས྄ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒬𑒱𑒩𑒮𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨮𑨁𑨫𑨰𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śŕ̥Has, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćŕ̥Has, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱŕ̥h₂-os, from *ḱerh₂- (“head”); see there for more. Related to Vedic Sanskrit शीर्षन् (śīrṣán). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬭𐬀 (sāra).

Pronunciation

Noun

शिरस् • (śíras) stem, n

  1. (anatomy) head, skull
  2. the upper end or highest part of anything, top, peak, summit, pinnacle, acme
  3. the forepart or van (of an army)
  4. the beginning (of a verse)
  5. the head, leader, chief, foremost, first (of a class)

Declension
Neuter as-stem declension of शिरस् (śíras)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शिरः
śíraḥ		 शिरसी
śírasī		 शिरांसि
śírāṃsi
Vocative शिरः
śíraḥ		 शिरसी
śírasī		 शिरांसि
śírāṃsi
Accusative शिरः
śíraḥ		 शिरसी
śírasī		 शिरांसि
śírāṃsi
Instrumental शिरसा
śírasā		 शिरोभ्याम्
śírobhyām		 शिरोभिः
śírobhiḥ
Dative शिरसे
śírase		 शिरोभ्याम्
śírobhyām		 शिरोभ्यः
śírobhyaḥ
Ablative शिरसः
śírasaḥ		 शिरोभ्याम्
śírobhyām		 शिरोभ्यः
śírobhyaḥ
Genitive शिरसः
śírasaḥ		 शिरसोः
śírasoḥ		 शिरसाम्
śírasām
Locative शिरसि
śírasi		 शिरसोः
śírasoḥ		 शिरःसु
śíraḥsu

Borrowed terms
  • → Telugu: శిరస్సు (śirassu), శిరసు (śirasu)

Descendants
  • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)
  • Dardic:
    • Kashmiri: [script needed] (hīrü)
    • Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (šīr)
  • Helu Prakrit:
    • Sinhalese: සිර (sira)
  • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)
    • Assamese: সিৰ (xir)
    • Bengali: শির (śir)
    • Maithili: सिर (sir)
    • Odia: ସିର (sirô)
  • Pali: siras
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)

References
  • Monier Williams (1899) “शिरस्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1072/2.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śíras”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 638-639
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