शिर

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
  • শিৰ (Assamese script)
  • ᬰᬶᬭ (Balinese script)
  • শির (Bengali script)
  • 𑰫𑰰𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀰𑀺𑀭 (Brahmi script)
  • ၐိရ (Burmese script)
  • શિર (Gujarati script)
  • ਸ਼ਿਰ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌶𑌿𑌰 (Grantha script)
  • ꦯꦶꦫ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂬𑂱𑂩 (Kaithi script)
  • ಶಿರ (Kannada script)
  • ឝិរ (Khmer script)
  • ຨິຣ (Lao script)
  • ശിര (Malayalam script)
  • ᡧᡳᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘫𑘱𑘨 (Modi script)
  • ᠱᠢᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑧋𑧒𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐱𑐶𑐬 (Newa script)
  • ଶିର (Odia script)
  • ꢯꢶꢬ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆯𑆴𑆫 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖫𑖰𑖨 (Siddham script)
  • ශිර (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩿𑩑𑩼 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚧𑚮𑚤 (Takri script)
  • ஶிர (Tamil script)
  • శిర (Telugu script)
  • ศิร (Thai script)
  • ཤི་ར (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒬𑒱𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨮𑨁𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head”); see there for more. Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬀 (sara).

Noun

शिर • (śira) stem, m

  1. (anatomy) head, skull, cephalon
  2. peak, top
  3. bed, couch

Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of शिर (śira)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शिरः
śiraḥ		 शिरौ / शिरा¹
śirau / śirā¹		 शिराः / शिरासः¹
śirāḥ / śirāsaḥ¹
Vocative शिर
śira		 शिरौ / शिरा¹
śirau / śirā¹		 शिराः / शिरासः¹
śirāḥ / śirāsaḥ¹
Accusative शिरम्
śiram		 शिरौ / शिरा¹
śirau / śirā¹		 शिरान्
śirān
Instrumental शिरेण
śireṇa		 शिराभ्याम्
śirābhyām		 शिरैः / शिरेभिः¹
śiraiḥ / śirebhiḥ¹
Dative शिराय
śirāya		 शिराभ्याम्
śirābhyām		 शिरेभ्यः
śirebhyaḥ
Ablative शिरात्
śirāt		 शिराभ्याम्
śirābhyām		 शिरेभ्यः
śirebhyaḥ
Genitive शिरस्य
śirasya		 शिरयोः
śirayoḥ		 शिराणाम्
śirāṇām
Locative शिरे
śire		 शिरयोः
śirayoḥ		 शिरेषु
śireṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants
  • Dardic:
    • Pashayi: šero
    • Kashmiri: ह्यरि॒ (hyari॒), हीरू॒ (hīrū॒)
  • Old Javanese: śirah
  • Pali: sira
    • → Sinhalese: සිර (sira)
  • Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)
    • Punjabi: ਸਿਰ (sir), ਸਿਰੀ (sirī)
    • Sindhi: 𑋝𑋡𑋙𑋣 (siru), 𑋝𑋡𑋙𑋢 (sirī)
    • West Pahāṛī: śir,śirī
      • Churahi: 𑚧𑚮𑚤
    • Kumaoni: सिर
    • Nepali: सिर (sira)
    • Assamese: শিৰ (xir)
    • Bengali: শির (śir)
    • Odia: ଶିର (śirô)
    • Maithili: 𑒮𑒱𑒩 (sira)
    • Awadhi: 𑂮𑂱𑂩
    • Hindi: सिर (sir), सिरा (sirā), सिरी (sirī)
    • Gujarati: સિર (sir)
    • Marathi: 𑘫𑘲𑘨 (śīr), 𑘫𑘲𑘨 (śīr)

References
  • definition from Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit.

Further reading
  • Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “śira”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
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