vuma

Fanagalo

Etymology

From Zulu -vuma.

Verb

vuma

  1. to agree

Southern Ndebele

Verb

-vuma

  1. to agree
  2. to sing

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Swahili

Pronunciation
  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Verb

-vuma (infinitive kuvuma)

  1. to growl, howl, hum, roar
  2. to be talked about, to be discussed

Conjugation
Conjugation of -vuma
Positive present -navuma
Subjunctive -vume
Negative -vumi
Imperative singular vuma
Infinitives
Positive kuvuma
Negative kutovuma
Imperatives
Singular vuma
Plural vumeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huvuma
Positive past positive subject concord + -livuma
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuvuma
Positive present (positive subject concord + -navuma)
Singular Plural
1st person ninavuma/navuma tunavuma
2nd person unavuma mnavuma
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anavuma wanavuma
other classes positive subject concord + -navuma
Negative present (negative subject concord + -vumi)
Singular Plural
1st person sivumi hatuvumi
2nd person huvumi hamvumi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) havumi hawavumi
other classes negative subject concord + -vumi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tavuma
Negative future negative subject concord + -tavuma
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -vume)
Singular Plural
1st person nivume tuvume
2nd person uvume mvume
3rd person m-wa(I/II) avume wavume
other classes positive subject concord + -vume
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sivume
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngevuma
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singevuma
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalivuma
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalivuma
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -avuma)
Singular Plural
1st person navuma twavuma
2nd person wavuma mwavuma
3rd person m-wa(I/II) avuma wavuma
m-mi(III/IV) wavuma yavuma
ji-ma(V/VI) lavuma yavuma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chavuma vyavuma
n(IX/X) yavuma zavuma
u(XI) wavuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwavuma
pa(XVI) pavuma
mu(XVIII) mwavuma
Perfect positive subject concord + -mevuma
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshavuma
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -javuma
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kivuma
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipovuma
Consecutive kavuma / positive subject concord + -kavuma
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kavume
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nivuma -tuvuma
2nd person -kuvuma -wavuma/-kuvumeni/-wavumeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mvuma -wavuma
m-mi(III/IV) -uvuma -ivuma
ji-ma(V/VI) -livuma -yavuma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kivuma -vivuma
n(IX/X) -ivuma -zivuma
u(XI) -uvuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuvuma
pa(XVI) -pavuma
mu(XVIII) -muvuma
Reflexive -jivuma
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -vuma- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -vumaye -vumao
m-mi(III/IV) -vumao -vumayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -vumalo -vumayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -vumacho -vumavyo
n(IX/X) -vumayo -vumazo
u(XI) -vumao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -vumako
pa(XVI) -vumapo
mu(XVIII) -vumamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -vuma)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yevuma -ovuma
m-mi(III/IV) -ovuma -yovuma
ji-ma(V/VI) -lovuma -yovuma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chovuma -vyovuma
n(IX/X) -yovuma -zovuma
u(XI) -ovuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kovuma
pa(XVI) -povuma
mu(XVIII) -movuma
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms
  • Nominal derivations:
    • mvumo (“roar, noise”)
    • uvumi (“rumbling; rumor”)

Xhosa

Verb

-vuma

  1. to agree

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-vuma

  1. to agree

Inflection
Tone L
Infinitive ukuvuma
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuvuma ukungavumi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular vuma -vume
Plural vumani -vumeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyavuma, ngivuma engivumayo, engivuma ngivuma angivumi engingavumi ngingavumi
2nd singular uyavuma, uvuma ovumayo, ovuma uvuma awuvumi ongavumi ungavumi
1st plural siyavuma, sivuma esivumayo, esivuma sivuma asivumi esingavumi singavumi
2nd plural niyavuma, nivuma enivumayo, enivuma nivuma anivumi eningavumi ningavumi
Class 1 uyavuma, uvuma ovumayo, ovuma evuma akavumi ongavumi engavumi
Class 2 bayavuma, bavuma abavumayo, abavuma bevuma abavumi abangavumi bengavumi
Class 3 uyavuma, uvuma ovumayo, ovuma uvuma awuvumi ongavumi ungavumi
Class 4 iyavuma, ivuma evumayo, evuma ivuma ayivumi engavumi ingavumi
Class 5 liyavuma, livuma elivumayo, elivuma livuma alivumi elingavumi lingavumi
Class 6 ayavuma, avuma avumayo, avuma evuma awavumi angavumi engavumi
Class 7 siyavuma, sivuma esivumayo, esivuma sivuma asivumi esingavumi singavumi
Class 8 ziyavuma, zivuma ezivumayo, ezivuma zivuma azivumi ezingavumi zingavumi
Class 9 iyavuma, ivuma evumayo, evuma ivuma ayivumi engavumi ingavumi
Class 10 ziyavuma, zivuma ezivumayo, ezivuma zivuma azivumi ezingavumi zingavumi
Class 11 luyavuma, luvuma oluvumayo, oluvuma luvuma aluvumi olungavumi lungavumi
Class 14 buyavuma, buvuma obuvumayo, obuvuma buvuma abuvumi obungavumi bungavumi
Class 15 kuyavuma, kuvuma okuvumayo, okuvuma kuvuma akuvumi okungavumi kungavumi
Class 17 kuyavuma, kuvuma okuvumayo, okuvuma kuvuma akuvumi okungavumi kungavumi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngivumile, ngivumē engivumile, engivumē ngivumile, ngivumē angivumanga engingavumanga ngingavumanga
2nd singular uvumile, uvumē ovumile, ovumē uvumile, uvumē awuvumanga ongavumanga ungavumanga
1st plural sivumile, sivumē esivumile, esivumē sivumile, sivumē asivumanga esingavumanga singavumanga
2nd plural nivumile, nivumē enivumile, enivumē nivumile, nivumē anivumanga eningavumanga ningavumanga
Class 1 uvumile, uvumē ovumile, ovumē evumile, evumē akavumanga ongavumanga engavumanga
Class 2 bavumile, bavumē abavumile, abavumē bevumile, bevumē abavumanga abangavumanga bengavumanga
Class 3 uvumile, uvumē ovumile, ovumē uvumile, uvumē awuvumanga ongavumanga ungavumanga
Class 4 ivumile, ivumē evumile, evumē ivumile, ivumē ayivumanga engavumanga ingavumanga
Class 5 livumile, livumē elivumile, elivumē livumile, livumē alivumanga elingavumanga lingavumanga
Class 6 avumile, avumē avumile, avumē evumile, evumē awavumanga angavumanga engavumanga
Class 7 sivumile, sivumē esivumile, esivumē sivumile, sivumē asivumanga esingavumanga singavumanga
Class 8 zivumile, zivumē ezivumile, ezivumē zivumile, zivumē azivumanga ezingavumanga zingavumanga
Class 9 ivumile, ivumē evumile, evumē ivumile, ivumē ayivumanga engavumanga ingavumanga
Class 10 zivumile, zivumē ezivumile, ezivumē zivumile, zivumē azivumanga ezingavumanga zingavumanga
Class 11 luvumile, luvumē oluvumile, oluvumē luvumile, luvumē aluvumanga olungavumanga lungavumanga
Class 14 buvumile, buvumē obuvumile, obuvumē buvumile, buvumē abuvumanga obungavumanga bungavumanga
Class 15 kuvumile, kuvumē okuvumile, okuvumē kuvumile, kuvumē akuvumanga okungavumanga kungavumanga
Class 17 kuvumile, kuvumē okuvumile, okuvumē kuvumile, kuvumē akuvumanga okungavumanga kungavumanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāvuma engāvuma ngāvuma angivumanga engingavumanga ngingavumanga
2nd singular wāvuma owāvuma wāvuma awuvumanga ongavumanga ungavumanga
1st plural sāvuma esāvuma sāvuma asivumanga esingavumanga singavumanga
2nd plural nāvuma enāvuma nāvuma anivumanga eningavumanga ningavumanga
Class 1 wāvuma owāvuma āvuma akavumanga ongavumanga engavumanga
Class 2 bāvuma abāvuma bāvuma abavumanga abangavumanga bengavumanga
Class 3 wāvuma owāvuma wāvuma awuvumanga ongavumanga ungavumanga
Class 4 yāvuma eyāvuma yāvuma ayivumanga engavumanga ingavumanga
Class 5 lāvuma elāvuma lāvuma alivumanga elingavumanga lingavumanga
Class 6 āvuma āvuma āvuma awavumanga angavumanga engavumanga
Class 7 sāvuma esāvuma sāvuma asivumanga esingavumanga singavumanga
Class 8 zāvuma ezāvuma zāvuma azivumanga ezingavumanga zingavumanga
Class 9 yāvuma eyāvuma yāvuma ayivumanga engavumanga ingavumanga
Class 10 zāvuma ezāvuma zāvuma azivumanga ezingavumanga zingavumanga
Class 11 lwāvuma olwāvuma lwāvuma aluvumanga olungavumanga lungavumanga
Class 14 bāvuma obāvuma bāvuma abuvumanga obungavumanga bungavumanga
Class 15 kwāvuma okwāvuma kwāvuma akuvumanga okungavumanga kungavumanga
Class 17 kwāvuma okwāvuma kwāvuma akuvumanga okungavumanga kungavumanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingavuma — ngingavuma ngingevume — ngingevume
2nd singular ungavuma — ungavuma ungevume — ungevume
1st plural singavuma — singavuma singevume — singevume
2nd plural ningavuma — ningavuma ningevume — ningevume
Class 1 angavuma — engavuma angevume — engevume
Class 2 bangavuma — bengavuma bangevume — bengevume
Class 3 ungavuma — ungavuma ungevume — ungevume
Class 4 ingavuma — ingavuma ingevume — ingevume
Class 5 lingavuma — lingavuma lingevume — lingevume
Class 6 angavuma — engavuma angevume — engevume
Class 7 singavuma — singavuma singevume — singevume
Class 8 zingavuma — zingavuma zingevume — zingevume
Class 9 ingavuma — ingavuma ingevume — ingevume
Class 10 zingavuma — zingavuma zingevume — zingevume
Class 11 lungavuma — lungavuma lungevume — lungevume
Class 14 bungavuma — bungavuma bungevume — bungevume
Class 15 kungavuma — kungavuma kungevume — kungevume
Class 17 kungavuma — kungavuma kungevume — kungevume
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizovuma engizovuma ngizovuma angizuvuma engingezuvuma ngingezuvuma
2nd singular uzovuma ozovuma uzovuma awuzuvuma ongezuvuma ungezuvuma
1st plural sizovuma esizovuma sizovuma asizuvuma esingezuvuma singezuvuma
2nd plural nizovuma enizovuma nizovuma anizuvuma eningezuvuma ningezuvuma
Class 1 uzovuma ozovuma ezovuma akazuvuma ongezuvuma engezuvuma
Class 2 bazovuma abazovuma bezovuma abazuvuma abangezuvuma bengezuvuma
Class 3 uzovuma ozovuma uzovuma awuzuvuma ongezuvuma ungezuvuma
Class 4 izovuma ezovuma izovuma ayizuvuma engezuvuma ingezuvuma
Class 5 lizovuma elizovuma lizovuma alizuvuma elingezuvuma lingezuvuma
Class 6 azovuma azovuma ezovuma awazuvuma angezuvuma engezuvuma
Class 7 sizovuma esizovuma sizovuma asizuvuma esingezuvuma singezuvuma
Class 8 zizovuma ezizovuma zizovuma azizuvuma ezingezuvuma zingezuvuma
Class 9 izovuma ezovuma izovuma ayizuvuma engezuvuma ingezuvuma
Class 10 zizovuma ezizovuma zizovuma azizuvuma ezingezuvuma zingezuvuma
Class 11 luzovuma oluzovuma luzovuma aluzuvuma olungezuvuma lungezuvuma
Class 14 buzovuma obuzovuma buzovuma abuzuvuma obungezuvuma bungezuvuma
Class 15 kuzovuma okuzovuma kuzovuma akuzuvuma okungezuvuma kungezuvuma
Class 17 kuzovuma okuzovuma kuzovuma akuzuvuma okungezuvuma kungezuvuma
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyovuma engiyovuma ngiyovuma angiyuvuma engingeyuvuma ngingeyuvuma
2nd singular uyovuma oyovuma uyovuma awuyuvuma ongeyuvuma ungeyuvuma
1st plural siyovuma esiyovuma siyovuma asiyuvuma esingeyuvuma singeyuvuma
2nd plural niyovuma eniyovuma niyovuma aniyuvuma eningeyuvuma ningeyuvuma
Class 1 uyovuma oyovuma eyovuma akayuvuma ongeyuvuma engeyuvuma
Class 2 bayovuma abayovuma beyovuma abayuvuma abangeyuvuma bengeyuvuma
Class 3 uyovuma oyovuma uyovuma awuyuvuma ongeyuvuma ungeyuvuma
Class 4 iyovuma eyovuma iyovuma ayiyuvuma engeyuvuma ingeyuvuma
Class 5 liyovuma eliyovuma liyovuma aliyuvuma elingeyuvuma lingeyuvuma
Class 6 ayovuma ayovuma eyovuma awayuvuma angeyuvuma engeyuvuma
Class 7 siyovuma esiyovuma siyovuma asiyuvuma esingeyuvuma singeyuvuma
Class 8 ziyovuma eziyovuma ziyovuma aziyuvuma ezingeyuvuma zingeyuvuma
Class 9 iyovuma eyovuma iyovuma ayiyuvuma engeyuvuma ingeyuvuma
Class 10 ziyovuma eziyovuma ziyovuma aziyuvuma ezingeyuvuma zingeyuvuma
Class 11 luyovuma oluyovuma luyovuma aluyuvuma olungeyuvuma lungeyuvuma
Class 14 buyovuma obuyovuma buyovuma abuyuvuma obungeyuvuma bungeyuvuma
Class 15 kuyovuma okuyovuma kuyovuma akuyuvuma okungeyuvuma kungeyuvuma
Class 17 kuyovuma okuyovuma kuyovuma akuyuvuma okungeyuvuma kungeyuvuma
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngivume ngingavumi
2nd singular uvume ungavumi
1st plural sivume singavumi
2nd plural nivume ningavumi
Class 1 avume angavumi
Class 2 bavume bangavumi
Class 3 uvume ungavumi
Class 4 ivume ingavumi
Class 5 livume lingavumi
Class 6 avume angavumi
Class 7 sivume singavumi
Class 8 zivume zingavumi
Class 9 ivume ingavumi
Class 10 zivume zingavumi
Class 11 luvume lungavumi
Class 14 buvume bungavumi
Class 15 kuvume kungavumi
Class 17 kuvume kungavumi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngavuma ngangavuma, angavuma, angangavuma
2nd singular wavuma wangavuma, awavuma, awangavuma
1st plural savuma sangavuma, asavuma, asangavuma
2nd plural navuma nangavuma, anavuma, anangavuma
Class 1 wavuma wangavuma, akavuma, akangavuma
Class 2 bavuma bangavuma, abavuma, abangavuma
Class 3 wavuma wangavuma, awavuma, awangavuma
Class 4 yavuma yangavuma, ayavuma, ayangavuma
Class 5 lavuma langavuma, alavuma, alangavuma
Class 6 avuma angavuma, awavuma, awangavuma
Class 7 savuma sangavuma, asavuma, asangavuma
Class 8 zavuma zangavuma, azavuma, azangavuma
Class 9 yavuma yangavuma, ayavuma, ayangavuma
Class 10 zavuma zangavuma, azavuma, azangavuma
Class 11 lwavuma lwangavuma, alwavuma, alwangavuma
Class 14 bavuma bangavuma, abavuma, abangavuma
Class 15 kwavuma kwangavuma, akwavuma, akwangavuma
Class 17 kwavuma kwangavuma, akwavuma, akwangavuma
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