roth

See also: Roth and roð

German

Adjective

roth (strong nominative masculine singular rother, comparative röther or rother, superlative am röthesten or am rothesten)

  1. Obsolete spelling of rot (red)

Declension

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Irish roth,[1] from Proto-Celtic *rotos (wheel, chariot), from Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɾˠɔ(h)/
  • (Kerry) IPA(key): /ɾˠɞh/[2]

Noun

roth m (genitive singular rotha, nominative plural rothaí)

  1. (architecture, heraldry, mechanical engineering, pyrotechnics) wheel (multiple senses)
  2. (familiar) bicycle

Declension

Derived terms

  • bád rotha m (paddleboat)
  • giar-roth (gear-wheel)
  • mítéar-roth (mitre-wheel)
  • pionna rotha m (linchpin)
  • roithleán (pulley, roller)
  • roth altach (caterpillar-wheel)
  • roth bíse (screw-wheel)
  • roth breise (spare wheel)
  • roth Chaitríona (Catherine-wheel)
  • roth corónach (crown wheel)
  • roth cothromaíochta (balance-wheel)
  • roth cuirtíní ((curtain-)runner)
  • roth deiridh (back wheel)
  • roth fiaclach (cogged wheel)
  • roth gearrtha (cutting-wheel)
  • roth laindéir (lantern pinion)
  • roth lián (paddle-wheel)
  • roth lústair (fly-wheel)
  • roth muilinn (mill-wheel)
  • roth pionnaí (pin-wheel)
  • roth potaire (potter's wheel)
  • roth prioctha (pricking-wheel)
  • roth raicín (ratchet-wheel)
  • roth rianaithe (tracing-wheel)
  • roth spoir (rowel)
  • roth stiúrtha (steering-wheel)
  • roth tiomána (driving-wheel)
  • roth tomhais (trundle wheel)
  • roth tosaigh (front wheel)
  • roth tuirlingthe (landing-wheel)
  • roth uisce (water-wheel)
  • roth ulóige (pulley-wheel)
  • rothach (wheeled; cyclic(al), adjective)
  • rothadóir m (wheelwright)
  • rothaí m (cyclist)
  • rothaigh (cycle, intransitive verb)
  • rothán m (small wheel; loop, ring, hank)
  • rothchreatlach m (spider)
  • rothdhiosca m (wheel-disc)
  • rothfhad m (wheel-base)
  • rothfhuinneog f (wheel-window)
  • rothghléasra m (train)
  • rothlach (rotating, adjective)
  • rothlaigh (rotate, gyrate; whirl, spin, verb)
  • rothlam m (roll; whirl, spin)
  • rothmhol m (wheel of water-mill)
  • rothóg f (diminutive)
  • rothra m (rotary press)
  • rothshraith f (wheel-train)
  • rothshruth
  • saor-roth (free-wheel)
  • rothaíocht f (cycling, biking)
  • rothánach (circulating, adjective)
  • rothar m (bicycle)

References

  1. G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “roth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 58

Further reading

  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “roth”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • Entries containing “roth” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “roth” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *rotos (wheel, chariot), from Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂os (compare Latin rota (wheel), Sanskrit रथ (rátha, chariot) and Old High German rad (wheel)).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /r͈oθ/

Noun

roth m

  1. wheel
  2. disc
  3. sphere

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative roth rothL roithL
Vocative roith rothL rothuH
Accusative rothN rothL rothuH
Genitive roithL roth rothN
Dative routhL, rothL rothaib rothaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Synonyms

Descendants

  • Irish: roth
  • Scottish Gaelic: roth

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
roth
also rroth after a proclitic
roth
pronounced with /r(ʲ)-/
unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish roth, from Proto-Celtic *rotos (wheel, chariot), from Proto-Indo-European *Hroth₂os.

Noun

roth m (genitive singular rotha, plural rothan)

  1. wheel
    roth a' mhuilinnthe mill-wheel
    roth-cartacha cart-wheel
    roth mórthe driving-wheel of spinning-wheel
    eadar na rothanbetween the wheels
  2. rim (of a wheel)
  3. halo
    Tha roth mun ghealaich.There is a halo round the moon.

Further reading

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