kak
See also: Appendix:Variations of "kak"
English
Noun
kak (uncountable)
- (South Africa, slang) Shit.
- 2008, Lauren Beukes, Moxyland, Jacana Media, →ISBN, pages 102–103:
- ‘You a cop? You with the guy inside?’ the shoppie says, bending his knees to talk to me confidentially. ‘Cos it was legitimate, okay? Bitch started pulling down the merchandise, falling around. Dronkie. She's been in here before, causing kak. Stealing shit. And how long is your friend gonna be in there anyway?’
Afrikaans
Etymology
From Dutch kakken (verb), from Middle Dutch cacken, and kak (noun), from Middle Dutch cac.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kak/
Audio (file)
Cebuano
Etymology
From English cock, from Middle English cok, from Old English coc, cocc (“cock, male bird”), from Proto-Germanic *kukkaz (“cock”), probably of onomatopoeic origin.
Verb
kak
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɑk/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: kak
- Rhymes: -ɑk
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch cac, deverbal from cacken; see kakken.
Synonyms
- (shit): poep
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Livonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kakku, borrowed either from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*kakō) or Proto-Germanic *kakǭ. Cognate with Estonian kakk, Finnish kakku.
Romani
Alternative forms
- kako
- kàko (International Standard)
- káko, kákos (Pan-Vlax)
Etymology
Two etymologies have been proposed:
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*kākka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 153
- Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “kak¹”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 132
- Yaron Matras (2002) “Historical and linguistic origins”, in Romani: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 25
Further reading
- Marcel Courthiade (2009) “o kak, -es m. -a, -en = o kàk/o, -os m. -e, -en”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 184
- Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “kak”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 22
Russenorsk
References
- Ingvild Broch, Ernst H. Jahr (1984) Russenorsk: Et pidginspråk i Norge [Russenorsk: A pidgin language in Norway], 2 edition, Oslo: Novus Forlag
Serbo-Croatian
Adverb
kak (Cyrillic spelling как)
Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkak/
- Hyphenation: kak
Etymology 1
Inherited from Ottoman Turkish قاق (ḳaḳ),[1][2] from Proto-Turkic *kak (“dry”).[3][4][5]
Cognates
- Azerbaijani qax
- Bashkir ҡаҡ (qaq, “empty”)
- Chagatai قَاقْ
- Crimean Tatar qaq
- Karachay-Balkar как (kak)
- Karakhanid قاقْ (qaq)
- Kipchak قاق
- Nogai как (kak)
- Tatar как (qak) qaq
- Turkmen kak
- Uyghur قاق (qaq)
- Uzbek qoq
- Western Yugur qʰaq
Noun
kak (definite accusative kakı, plural kaklar)
- (colloquial, dialectal) Dried fruits like apples, pears, apricots, peaches etc.
- Synonyms: kuru meyve, (dialectal) çir
- (colloquial, dialectal) Dried meat.
- (dialectal, figuratively) A skinny person.
- (dialectal) A pool of rain water on mountains or between rocks.
Declension
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Nominative | kak | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | kakı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | kak | kaklar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | kakı | kakları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | kaka | kaklara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | kakta | kaklarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | kaktan | kaklardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | kakın | kakların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Etymology 2
Imperative form of kakmak.
References
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قاق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1419
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قاق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 931
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*KAk”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kak/ka:k”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 608
Further reading
- “kak”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kak⁷”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2340
Volapük
Yucatec Maya
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