itana

See also: -itana

Chichewa

Etymology

A fossilized reciprocal form, from Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́ta (“to call”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /iˈta.na/

Verb

-itana (infinitive kuítana)

  1. to call
  2. to invite

Swahili

Verb

-itana (infinitive kuitana)

  1. Reciprocal form of -ita

Conjugation
Conjugation of -itana
Positive present -naitana
Subjunctive -itane
Negative -itani
Imperative singular itana
Infinitives
Positive kuitana
Negative kutoitana
Imperatives
Singular itana
Plural itaneni
Tensed forms
Habitual huitana
Positive past positive subject concord + -liitana
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuitana
Positive present (positive subject concord + -naitana)
Singular Plural
1st person ninaitana/naitana tunaitana
2nd person unaitana mnaitana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anaitana wanaitana
other classes positive subject concord + -naitana
Negative present (negative subject concord + -itani)
Singular Plural
1st person siitani hatuitani
2nd person huitani hamwitani
3rd person m-wa(I/II) haitani hawaitani
other classes negative subject concord + -itani
Positive future positive subject concord + -taitana
Negative future negative subject concord + -taitana
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -itane)
Singular Plural
1st person niitane tuitane
2nd person uitane mwitane
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aitane waitane
other classes positive subject concord + -itane
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siitane
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeitana
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeitana
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliitana
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliitana
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aitana)
Singular Plural
1st person naitana twaitana
2nd person waitana mwaitana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aitana waitana
m-mi(III/IV) waitana yaitana
ji-ma(V/VI) laitana yaitana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chaitana vyaitana
n(IX/X) yaitana zaitana
u(XI) waitana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwaitana
pa(XVI) paitana
mu(XVIII) mwaitana
Perfect positive subject concord + -meitana
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshaitana
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jaitana
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kiitana
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipoitana
Consecutive kaitana / positive subject concord + -kaitana
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kaitane
Object concord —
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + -itana- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -itanaye -itanao
m-mi(III/IV) -itanao -itanayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -itanalo -itanayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -itanacho -itanavyo
n(IX/X) -itanayo -itanazo
u(XI) -itanao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -itanako
pa(XVI) -itanapo
mu(XVIII) -itanamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -itana)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yeitana -oitana
m-mi(III/IV) -oitana -yoitana
ji-ma(V/VI) -loitana -yoitana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choitana -vyoitana
n(IX/X) -yoitana -zoitana
u(XI) -oitana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -koitana
pa(XVI) -poitana
mu(XVIII) -moitana
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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