cviliti

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms
  • cvíljeti (alternative infinitive, Ijekavian)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kviliti.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /t͡sʋǐːliti/
  • Hyphenation: cvi‧li‧ti

Verb

cvíliti impf (Cyrillic spelling цви́лити)

  1. (intransitive) to squeak, squeal
  2. (intransitive) to whimper, whine
  3. (intransitive) to lament, moan

Conjugation
Conjugation of cvíliti / cvíljeti
Infinitive: cvíliti / cvíljeti Present verbal adverb: cvíllēći Past verbal adverb: — Verbal noun: cvílēnje
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ja ti on / ona / ono mi vi oni / one / ona
Present cvilim cviliš cvili cvilimo cvilite cvile
Future Future I cvilit ću1
cviliću		 cvilit ćeš1
cvilićeš		 cvilit će1
cviliće		 cvilit ćemo1
cvilićemo		 cvilit ćete1
cvilićete		 cvilit će1
cviliće
Future II bȕdēm cvilio2 bȕdēš cvilio2 bȕdē cvilio2 bȕdēmo cviljeli2 bȕdēte cviljeli2 bȕdū cviljeli2
Past Perfect cvilio sam2 cvilio si2 cvilio je2 cviljeli smo2 cviljeli ste2 cviljeli su2
Pluperfect3 bȉo sam cvilio2 bȉo si cvilio2 bȉo je cvilio2 bíli smo cviljeli2 bíli ste cviljeli2 bíli su cviljeli2
Imperfect cviljah cviljaše cviljaše cviljasmo cviljaste cviljahu
Conditional I cvilio bih2 cvilio bi2 cvilio bi2 cviljeli bismo2 cviljeli biste2 cviljeli bi2
Conditional II4 bȉo bih cvilio2 bȉo bi cvilio2 bȉo bi cvilio2 bíli bismo cviljeli2 bíli biste cviljeli2 bíli bi cviljeli2
Imperative — cvili — cvilimo cvilite —
Active past participle cvilio m / cviljela f / cviljelo n cviljeli m / cviljele f / cviljela n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.

4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms
  • ucvíliti
  • zacvíliti

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kviliti.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /t͡sʋìːliti/

Verb

cvíliti impf

  1. (intransitive) to squeak, to squeal
  2. (intransitive) to cry, to whine

Conjugation
Class IV, accentual type I (accent is not directly before the endings), imperfective
Infinitive cvíliti (i-ti)
Long infinitive (usually only written, except in very formal contexts) cvíliti
Short infinitive (in spoken formal language, colloquial) cvílit
Supine cvílit
l-participle
masculine feminine neuter
singular cvílił cvílila, cvilȋla cvílilo, cvilílo
dual cvílila, cvilíla cvílili, cvilíli cvílili, cvilíli
plural cvílili, cvilíli cvílile, cvilíle cvílila, cvilíla
n-/t-participle (passive participle)
masculine feminine neuter
singular cvíljen cvíljena cvíljeno
dual cvíljena cvíljeni cvíljeni
plural cvíljeni cvíljene cvíljena
š-participle
masculine feminine neuter
singular – – –
dual – – –
plural – – –
adverbial š-participle cvilȋvši
True gerund cvíljenje, cviljénje
Objectified gerund –
Present stem cvílim (i-m)
Present indicative
singular dual plural
1st person cvílim cvíliva, cvílima cvílimo
2nd person cvíliš cvílita, cvílista cvílite, cvíliste
3rd person cvíli cvílita, cvílista cvílijo, cvilẹ́
Imperative
singular dual plural
1st person cvíli cvíliva, cvílima cvílimo
2nd person cvíli cvílita cvílite
3rd person cvíli cvílita –
č-participle
masculine feminine neuter
singular cvilȅč cvilẹ́ča cvilẹ́če
dual cvilẹ́ča cvilẹ́či cvilẹ́či
plural cvilẹ́či cvilẹ́če cvilẹ́ča
adverbial participles
č-participle cvilȅč, cvilẹ̄č
e-participle –

Derived terms
  • zacvíliti

Further reading
  • “cviliti”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
  • “cviliti”, in Termania, Amebis
  • See also the general references
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