coerceo

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From con- +‎ arceō (“enclose; keep off”).

Pronunciation

Verb

coerceō (present infinitive coercēre, perfect active coercuī, supine coercitum); second conjugation

  1. to enclose on all sides, hold together; surround, encompass
  2. to restrain, keep back, confine, shut up or in, hold in confinement, repress
    Synonyms: inclūdō, moderor, supprimō, refrēnō, arceō, intersaepiō, claudō, interclūdō, comprimō, reprimō, premō, urgeō, sustentō, retineō
    Antonyms: līberō, eximō, vindicō, servō, exonerō, absolvō, excipiō, ēmittō
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.715:
      sōla gerat mīles, quibus arma coerceat, arma
      May the soldier bear arms only to restrain [the use of] arms.
  3. (figuratively, of discourse) to keep within limits, control, limit
    Synonyms: līmitō, delīmitō, inclūdō, claudō, minuō, moderor, fīniō
  4. (figuratively, of a passion) to curb, restrain, tame, correct, appease
    Synonyms: molliō, sopiō, lēniō, mītigō, commītigō, levō, sileō, sedō, domō, ēlevō, allevō, alleviō

Usage notes

Conjugation
   Conjugation of coerceō (second conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present coerceō coercēs coercet coercēmus coercētis coercent
imperfect coercēbam coercēbās coercēbat coercēbāmus coercēbātis coercēbant
future coercēbō coercēbis coercēbit coercēbimus coercēbitis coercēbunt
perfect coercuī coercuistī coercuit coercuimus coercuistis coercuērunt,
coercuēre
pluperfect coercueram coercuerās coercuerat coercuerāmus coercuerātis coercuerant
future perfect coercuerō coercueris coercuerit coercuerimus coercueritis coercuerint
passive present coerceor coercēris,
coercēre		 coercētur coercēmur coercēminī coercentur
imperfect coercēbar coercēbāris,
coercēbāre		 coercēbātur coercēbāmur coercēbāminī coercēbantur
future coercēbor coercēberis,
coercēbere		 coercēbitur coercēbimur coercēbiminī coercēbuntur
perfect coercitus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect coercitus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect coercitus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present coerceam coerceās coerceat coerceāmus coerceātis coerceant
imperfect coercērem coercērēs coercēret coercērēmus coercērētis coercērent
perfect coercuerim coercuerīs coercuerit coercuerīmus coercuerītis coercuerint
pluperfect coercuissem coercuissēs coercuisset coercuissēmus coercuissētis coercuissent
passive present coercear coerceāris,
coerceāre		 coerceātur coerceāmur coerceāminī coerceantur
imperfect coercērer coercērēris,
coercērēre		 coercērētur coercērēmur coercērēminī coercērentur
perfect coercitus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect coercitus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — coercē — — coercēte —
future — coercētō coercētō — coercētōte coercentō
passive present — coercēre — — coercēminī —
future — coercētor coercētor — — coercentor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives coercēre coercuisse coercitūrum esse coercērī coercitum esse coercitum īrī
participles coercēns — coercitūrus — coercitus coercendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
coercendī coercendō coercendum coercendō coercitum coercitū

Derived terms

Descendants
  • English: coerce
  • Spanish: coercer

References
  • “coerceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “coerceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • coerceo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to have self-control; to restrain oneself, master one's inclinations: sibi imperare or continere et coercere se ipsum
    • to have self-control; to restrain oneself, master one's inclinations: animum regere, coercere, cohibere
    • to overcome one's passions: coercere, cohibere, continere, domitas habere cupiditates
    • to keep good discipline amongst one's men: milites disciplina coercere
    • to keep good discipline amongst one's men: milites coercere et in officio continere (B. C. 1. 67. 4)
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