charaza

Swahili

Pronunciation
  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Verb

-charaza (infinitive kucharaza)

  1. to beat

Conjugation
Conjugation of -charaza
Positive present -nacharaza
Subjunctive -charaze
Negative -charazi
Imperative singular charaza
Infinitives
Positive kucharaza
Negative kutocharaza
Imperatives
Singular charaza
Plural charazeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hucharaza
Positive past positive subject concord + -licharaza
Negative past negative subject concord + -kucharaza
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nacharaza)
Singular Plural
1st person ninacharaza/nacharaza tunacharaza
2nd person unacharaza mnacharaza
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anacharaza wanacharaza
other classes positive subject concord + -nacharaza
Negative present (negative subject concord + -charazi)
Singular Plural
1st person sicharazi hatucharazi
2nd person hucharazi hamcharazi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hacharazi hawacharazi
other classes negative subject concord + -charazi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tacharaza
Negative future negative subject concord + -tacharaza
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -charaze)
Singular Plural
1st person nicharaze tucharaze
2nd person ucharaze mcharaze
3rd person m-wa(I/II) acharaze wacharaze
other classes positive subject concord + -charaze
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sicharaze
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngecharaza
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singecharaza
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalicharaza
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalicharaza
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -acharaza)
Singular Plural
1st person nacharaza twacharaza
2nd person wacharaza mwacharaza
3rd person m-wa(I/II) acharaza wacharaza
m-mi(III/IV) wacharaza yacharaza
ji-ma(V/VI) lacharaza yacharaza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chacharaza vyacharaza
n(IX/X) yacharaza zacharaza
u(XI) wacharaza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwacharaza
pa(XVI) pacharaza
mu(XVIII) mwacharaza
Perfect positive subject concord + -mecharaza
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshacharaza
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jacharaza
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kicharaza
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipocharaza
Consecutive kacharaza / positive subject concord + -kacharaza
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kacharaze
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nicharaza -tucharaza
2nd person -kucharaza -wacharaza/-kucharazeni/-wacharazeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mcharaza -wacharaza
m-mi(III/IV) -ucharaza -icharaza
ji-ma(V/VI) -licharaza -yacharaza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kicharaza -vicharaza
n(IX/X) -icharaza -zicharaza
u(XI) -ucharaza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kucharaza
pa(XVI) -pacharaza
mu(XVIII) -mucharaza
Reflexive -jicharaza
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -charaza- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -charazaye -charazao
m-mi(III/IV) -charazao -charazayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -charazalo -charazayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -charazacho -charazavyo
n(IX/X) -charazayo -charazazo
u(XI) -charazao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -charazako
pa(XVI) -charazapo
mu(XVIII) -charazamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -charaza)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yecharaza -ocharaza
m-mi(III/IV) -ocharaza -yocharaza
ji-ma(V/VI) -locharaza -yocharaza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chocharaza -vyocharaza
n(IX/X) -yocharaza -zocharaza
u(XI) -ocharaza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kocharaza
pa(XVI) -pocharaza
mu(XVIII) -mocharaza
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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