bersten
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbɛrstə(n)/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: ber‧sten
- Rhymes: -ɛrstən
Inflection
Conjugation of bersten (weak with strong past participle) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | bersten | |||
past singular | berstte | |||
past participle | gebersten | |||
infinitive | bersten | |||
gerund | bersten n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | berst | berstte | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | berst | berstte | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | berst | berstte | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | berst | berstte | ||
3rd person singular | berst | berstte | ||
plural | bersten | berstten | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | berste | berstte | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | bersten | berstten | ||
imperative sing. | berst | |||
imperative plur.1 | berst | |||
participles | berstend | gebersten | ||
1) Archaic. |
German
Etymology
From Middle High German bresten, from Old High German brestan, from Proto-Germanic *brestaną.
The modern form is from Middle Low German with metathesis of -r- from Old Saxon brestan (compare Bernstein, Born). Cognate with Dutch barsten, English burst, Old Norse bresta (whence Danish briste, Norwegian Bokmål briste and Swedish brista).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbɛʁstən/, [ˈbɛʁstən], [ˈbɛɐ̯-], [-stn̩]
Audio (file)
Verb
bersten (class 3 strong, third-person singular present birst, past tense barst, past participle geborsten, past subjunctive bärste, auxiliary sein)
- (intransitive, chiefly literary) to burst
Usage notes
- The more general word is platzen.
- Bersten has a somewhat irregular 2nd person singular du birst, to avoid the regular but unpronounceable **birstst.
Conjugation
infinitive | bersten | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | berstend | ||||
past participle | geborsten | ||||
auxiliary | sein | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich berste | wir bersten | i | ich berste | wir bersten |
du birst | ihr berstet | du berstest | ihr berstet | ||
er birst | sie bersten | er berste | sie bersten | ||
preterite | ich barst | wir barsten | ii | ich bärste1 | wir bärsten1 |
du barstest | ihr barstet | du bärstest1 | ihr bärstet1 | ||
er barst | sie barsten | er bärste1 | sie bärsten1 | ||
imperative | birst (du) | berstet (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch brestan, from Proto-Germanic *brestaną.
Inflection
Strong class 3 | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | bersten | |
3rd sg. past | barst | |
3rd pl. past | borsten | |
Past participle | geborsten | |
Infinitive | bersten | |
In genitive | berstens | |
In dative | berstene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | berste | barst |
2nd singular | bersts, berstes | borsts, borstes |
3rd singular | berst, berstet | barst |
1st plural | bersten | borsten |
2nd plural | berst, berstet | borst, borstet |
3rd plural | bersten | borsten |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | berste | borste |
2nd singular | bersts, berstes | borstes |
3rd singular | berste | borste |
1st plural | bersten | borsten |
2nd plural | berst, berstet | borstet |
3rd plural | bersten | borsten |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | berst, berste | |
Plural | berst, berstet | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | berstende | geborsten |
Alternative forms
Derived terms
- gebersten
- ontbersten
- tebersten
Further reading
- “bersten”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “bersten (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
Middle English
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