afligir

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin afflīgere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Pronunciation

Verb

afligir (first-person singular present afligeixo, first-person singular preterite afligí, past participle afligit)

  1. to afflict

Conjugation
    Conjugation of afligir (third conjugation, with -eix-)
infinitive afligir
gerund afligint
past participle masculine feminine
singular afligit afligida
plural afligits afligides
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present afligeixo afligeixes afligeix afligim afligiu afligeixen
imperfect afligia afligies afligia afligíem afligíeu afligien
future afligiré afligiràs afligirà afligirem afligireu afligiran
preterite afligí afligires afligí afligírem afligíreu afligiren
conditional afligiria afligiries afligiria afligiríem afligiríeu afligirien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present afligeixi afligeixis afligeixi afligim afligiu afligeixin
imperfect afligís afligissis afligís afligíssim afligíssiu afligissin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
affirmative — afligeix afligeixi afligim afligiu afligeixin
negative (no) — no afligeixis no afligeixi no afligim no afligiu no afligeixin

References

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin afflīgere.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /a.fliˈʒi(ʁ)/ [a.fliˈʒi(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /a.fliˈʒi(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /a.fliˈʒi(ʁ)/ [a.fliˈʒi(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /a.fliˈʒi(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐ.fliˈʒiɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐ.fliˈʒi.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: a‧fli‧gir

Verb

afligir (first-person singular present aflijo, first-person singular preterite afligi, past participle afligido)

  1. to harm (cause damage)
    Synonyms: ferir, fazer mal, machucar
  2. (transitive) afflict (to cause pain to)
    Synonym: atribular

Conjugation
    Conjugation of afligir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal afligir
Personal afligir afligires afligir afligirmos afligirdes afligirem
Gerund
afligindo
Past participle
Masculine afligido afligidos
Feminine afligida afligidas
Indicative
Present aflijo afliges aflige afligimos afligis afligem
Imperfect afligia afligias afligia afligíamos afligíeis afligiam
Preterite afligi afligiste afligiu afligimos afligistes afligiram
Pluperfect afligira afligiras afligira afligíramos afligíreis afligiram
Future afligirei afligirás afligirá afligiremos afligireis afligirão
Conditional afligiria afligirias afligiria afligiríamos afligiríeis afligiriam
Subjunctive
Present aflija aflijas aflija aflijamos aflijais aflijam
Imperfect afligisse afligisses afligisse afligíssemos afligísseis afligissem
Future afligir afligires afligir afligirmos afligirdes afligirem
Imperative
Affirmative aflige aflija aflijamos afligi aflijam
Negative (não) não aflijas não aflija não aflijamos não aflijais não aflijam

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin afflīgere.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /afliˈxiɾ/ [a.fliˈxiɾ]
  • Audio (Venezuela):(file)
  • Rhymes: -iɾ
  • Syllabification: a‧fli‧gir

Verb

afligir (first-person singular present aflijo, first-person singular preterite afligí, past participle afligido)

  1. to afflict
    Synonym: atribular
    • 1835, Carlos María de Bustamante, Mañanas de la Alameda de México‎:
      ¿Qué te aflije, pues, Señor?.... diviértete, alegra, y disipa tus males....
      What afflicts you then, sir? Be happy, and dispel your ills.
    • 1875, Wilkie Collins, translated by Cristina Graell, 1997, La ley y la dama‎:
      ¡Maldita sea, coja el bastón! No le aflija. Azóteme en la espalda. ¡Golpéeme!
      Damn it, take the stick! Don't let it afflict you. Whip me in the back. Hit me!

Conjugation
    Conjugation of afligir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive afligir
gerund afligiendo
past participle masculine feminine
singular afligido afligida
plural afligidos afligidas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present aflijo afligestú
afligísvos		 aflige afligimos afligís afligen
imperfect afligía afligías afligía afligíamos afligíais afligían
preterite afligí afligiste afligió afligimos afligisteis afligieron
future afligiré afligirás afligirá afligiremos afligiréis afligirán
conditional afligiría afligirías afligiría afligiríamos afligiríais afligirían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present aflija aflijastú
aflijásvos2		 aflija aflijamos aflijáis aflijan
imperfect
(ra)		 afligiera afligieras afligiera afligiéramos afligierais afligieran
imperfect
(se)		 afligiese afligieses afligiese afligiésemos afligieseis afligiesen
future1 afligiere afligieres afligiere afligiéremos afligiereis afligieren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative afligetú
afligívos		 aflija aflijamos afligid aflijan
negative no aflijas no aflija no aflijamos no aflijáis no aflijan

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of afligir (g-j alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive afligir
dative afligirme afligirte afligirle, afligirse afligirnos afligiros afligirles, afligirse
accusative afligirme afligirte afligirlo, afligirla, afligirse afligirnos afligiros afligirlos, afligirlas, afligirse
with gerund afligiendo
dative afligiéndome afligiéndote afligiéndole, afligiéndose afligiéndonos afligiéndoos afligiéndoles, afligiéndose
accusative afligiéndome afligiéndote afligiéndolo, afligiéndola, afligiéndose afligiéndonos afligiéndoos afligiéndolos, afligiéndolas, afligiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative aflige
dative aflígeme aflígete aflígele aflígenos not used aflígeles
accusative aflígeme aflígete aflígelo, aflígela aflígenos not used aflígelos, aflígelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative afligí
dative afligime afligite afligile afliginos not used afligiles
accusative afligime afligite afligilo, afligila afliginos not used afligilos, afligilas
with formal second-person singular imperative aflija
dative aflíjame not used aflíjale, aflíjase aflíjanos not used aflíjales
accusative aflíjame not used aflíjalo, aflíjala, aflíjase aflíjanos not used aflíjalos, aflíjalas
with first-person plural imperative aflijamos
dative not used aflijámoste aflijámosle aflijámonos aflijámoos aflijámosles
accusative not used aflijámoste aflijámoslo, aflijámosla aflijámonos aflijámoos aflijámoslos, aflijámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative afligid
dative afligidme not used afligidle afligidnos afligíos afligidles
accusative afligidme not used afligidlo, afligidla afligidnos afligíos afligidlos, afligidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative aflijan
dative aflíjanme not used aflíjanle aflíjannos not used aflíjanles, aflíjanse
accusative aflíjanme not used aflíjanlo, aflíjanla aflíjannos not used aflíjanlos, aflíjanlas, aflíjanse

Derived terms

References

Further reading
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