< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yidge

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Compared to Proto-Tungusic *ǯüksi- / *ǯükte (“blue-berry; berry”), Proto-Mongolic *jede-gene (“strawberry”) (whence Mongolian [script needed] (žedgene). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*yidge

  1. jujube
  2. berry, strawberry
    Synonyms: *čiye, *yidgelek

Declension
Declension of *yidge
Singular 3)
Nominative *yidge
Accusative *yidgeni, *yidgeg 4), *yidgenig 1)
Genitive *yidgeniŋ
Dative *yidgeke
Locative *yidgede
Ablative *yidgeden
Allative *yidgegerü
Instrumental 2) *yidgen
Equative 2) *yidgeče
Similative 2) *yidgeleyü
Comitative 2) *yidgeligü
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Derived terms
  • *yidgelek (“berry”)
  • *čiye + *yidgelek
    • *čiyelek (“strawberry”)

Descendants
  • ⇒ Proto-Turkic: *yidgelek
  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: ҫырла (śyrla)
    • → Hungarian: szőlő (grape)
  • Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
      • Karachay-Balkar: джилек (cilek)
      • Kumyk: [script needed] (ciyelek)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Nogai: желек (jelek)
      • Karakalpak: жийде
      • Kazakh: жидек (jidek)
    • East Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: жийде (jiyde)
      • Southern Altai: јилек (ǰilek)
    • → Armenian: ելակ (elak)
  • Siberian:
    • South Siberian:
      • Yeniseian Turkic:
  • Common Turkic:
  • Oghuz:
    • West Oghuz:
      • Azerbaijani: iydə
      • Ottoman Turkish: ایگده (iğde), اگده (iğde)
        • Turkish: iğde (“oleaster, silverberry; silverberry tree”)
    • East Oghuz:
      • Turkmen: igde
      • Salar:
  • Karluk:
  • Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
      • Nogai:
      • Karakalpak: жийде (jiyde)
      • Kazakh: жийде (jiide)
    • East Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: жийде (jiyde)

See also
Foods - *yẹ̄miĺčler, *yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn
Arpa
Barley
 barley: *arpa
Burçak
Pea
 beans, peas: *burčak
Bodagay
Wheat
 farro, wheat: *bugday
Hünnap
Jujube
 jujube: *yidge
Çilek
Strawberry
 strawberry: *yidgelek
Alma
Apple
 apple: *almïla
Fındık
Hazelnuts
 hazelnut: *bōńurï
Ceviz
Walnuts
 walnut: *yaŋgak
Bal
Honey
 honey: *bạl
Darı
Millet
 millet: *tạrïg
Soğan
Onion
 onion: *sōgun
Tuz
Salt
 salt: *tūŕ
Yumurta
Egg
 egg: *yumurtka
Yağ
Butter
 butter: *yāg
Mantar
Mushroom
 mushroom: *kömbe
Turp
Radish
 radish: *turp, *turma
Havuç
Carrot
 carrot: *turma

References
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 911
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 202
  • Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, pages 325-326
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jidge, *jidgelek”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, pages 122, 140
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