< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wesaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwe.sɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology 1
From two different Proto-Indo-European roots:
Inflection
This verb is suppletive. The past and imperative are conjugated with the strong class 5 stem wes-, the remainder with an irregular stem (i)s-.
Conjugation of *wesaną (irregular, suppletive)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *immi | *sijǭ | — | — | — |
| 2nd singular | *izi | *sijēs | *wes | — | — |
| 3rd singular | *isti | *sijē | *wesadau | — | — |
| 1st dual | *izū | *sīw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *izudiz | *sīþiz | *wesadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *izum | *sīm | — | — | — |
| 2nd plural | *izud | *sīþ | *wisid | — | — |
| 3rd plural | *sindi | *sīn | *wesandau | — | — |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *was | *wēzį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *wast | *wēzīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *was | *wēzī | |||
| 1st dual | *wēzū | *wēzīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *wēzudiz | *wēzīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *wēzum | *wēzīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *wēzud | *wēzīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *wēzun | *wēzīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *wesandz | — | |||
Descendants
This section only lists descendants of the infinitive form, *wesaną. For other inflections, see the #Inflection section above.
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to graze”). Related to Proto-Celtic *westā (“food, feast”), Latin vēscor (“to make use of”).[1][2]
Inflection
Conjugation of *wesaną (strong class 5)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *wesō | *wesaų | — | *wesai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *wisizi | *wesaiz | *wes | *wesazai | *wesaizau |
| 3rd singular | *wisidi | *wesai | *wesadau | *wesadai | *wesaidau |
| 1st dual | *wesōz | *wesaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *wesadiz | *wesaidiz | *wesadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *wesamaz | *wesaim | — | *wesandai | *wesaindau |
| 2nd plural | *wisid | *wesaid | *wisid | *wesandai | *wesaindau |
| 3rd plural | *wesandi | *wesain | *wesandau | *wesandai | *wesaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *was | *wēzį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *wast | *wēzīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *was | *wēzī | |||
| 1st dual | *wēzū | *wēzīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *wēzudiz | *wēzīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *wēzum | *wēzīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *wēzud | *wēzīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *wēzun | *wēzīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *wesandz | *wezanaz | |||
Derived terms
- *frawesaną
- *wistiz
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 582
- Seebold, Elmar (1970) “WES-A- 2”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, pages 562-63
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