< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hīgōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱey(H)gʰ- (“to move quickly, jump; swift, fierce”),[1] thereby cognate with e.g. Russian сига́ть (sigátʹ, “to spring, jump”) (Proto-Slavic *sigáti) and maybe Sanskrit शीघ्र (śīghrá-, “quick, fast”); if so, Old English may preserve the original sense. Further derived from *ḱey- (“to move”); compare Latin cieō (“set in motion, invoke, provoke”), Ancient Greek κινέω (kinéō, “move, set in motion”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈxiː.ɣɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hīgōną

  1. to breathe (heavily), pant, snort, wheeze
  2. (possibly) to move quickly, hasten

Inflection
Conjugation of *hīgōną (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hīgō*hīgǭ—*hīgōi ?
2nd singular *hīgōsi*hīgōs*hīgō*hīgōsai*hīgōsau
3rd singular *hīgōþi*hīgō*hīgōþau*hīgōþai*hīgōþau
1st dual *hīgōs*hīgōw———
2nd dual *hīgōþiz*hīgōþiz*hīgōþiz——
1st plural *hīgōmaz*hīgōm—*hīgōnþai*hīgōnþau
2nd plural *hīgōþ*hīgōþ*hīgōþ*hīgōnþai*hīgōnþau
3rd plural *hīgōnþi*hīgōn*hīgōnþau*hīgōnþai*hīgōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hīgōdǭ*hīgōdēdį̄
2nd singular *hīgōdēz*hīgōdēdīz
3rd singular *hīgōdē*hīgōdēdī
1st dual *hīgōdēdū*hīgōdēdīw
2nd dual *hīgōdēdudiz*hīgōdēdīdiz
1st plural *hīgōdēdum*hīgōdēdīm
2nd plural *hīgōdēdud*hīgōdēdīd
3rd plural *hīgōdēdun*hīgōdēdīn
present past
participles *hīgōndz*hīgōdaz

Derived terms
  • *hiksatjaną
  • *hiksōną

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *hīgōn
    • Old English: hīgian (“to hasten, hurry”, < *hīgōjan)
      • Middle English: hyen
        • English: hie
        • Scots: hie
    • Old Saxon: *hīgōn
      • Middle Low German: hîgen, hîchen; (hêgen, heigen)
        • Low German: higen
    • Old Dutch: *hīgon
    • Old High German: *hīgōn (?)
      • ⇒? Middle High German: hecheln, hacheln (“to copulate”) (probably of different origin)
  • Old Norse: *híga; (hexta)

References
  1. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 303: “*k̂eigh- ‘fast’”
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.