< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aiwaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂óyu ~ *h₂yéws, reformed as a thematic (a-stem) noun.

Noun

*aiwaz m[1]

  1. long time, age, eternity
  2. law[2]

Inflection
masculine a-stemDeclension of *aiwaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *aiwaz *aiwōz, *aiwōs
vocative *aiw *aiwōz, *aiwōs
accusative *aiwą *aiwanz
genitive *aiwas, *aiwis *aiwǫ̂
dative *aiwai *aiwamaz
instrumental *aiwō *aiwamiz

Alternative forms
  • *aiwō
  • *aiwą
  • *aiwį̄
  • *aiwiz
  • *aiwǭ

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *aiw, *aiwu
    • ⇒ Old English: āwa, ā (adverb)
      • Middle English: ō, ā
    • Old Frisian: ēwa; ēwe, ē
      • West Frisian: iuw
      • ⇒ Old Frisian: ā (adverb)
    • Old Saxon: ēo, ēu, ē (also adverb)
    • Old Dutch: ēwa
    • Old High German: ēwa, ēo, ēa
      • Middle High German: ēwe, ê
        • Alemannic German: Ee, E-e
        • German: Ehe
      • ⇒ Old High German: io (adverb)
        • Middle High German: ie
          • German: je
  • Proto-Norse: *ᚨᛁᚹᚨᛉ (*aiwaʀ)
    • ⇒ Proto-Norse: *ᚨᛁᚹᚨᛚᚨᛁᛒᚨᛉ (*aiwalaibaʀ)
    • Old Norse: æ, ei, ey
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐍃 (aiws); 𐌰𐌹𐍅 (aiw)
  • →? Proto-Finnic: *aika (“time”) (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*aiwa/ō- 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 16
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*aiwa/ō- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 16
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