薑

See also: 姜

薑	U+8591, 薑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8591

← 薐
[U+8590]

CJK Unified Ideographs

薒 →
[U+8592]

Translingual

Han character

薑 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 廿一田一 (TMWM), four-corner 4410₆, composition ⿱艹畺)

Derived characters

𱤳, 𤒬, 𥗪

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1061, character 9

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32110

Dae Jaweon: page 1525, character 7

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3300, character 9

Unihan data for U+8591

Chinese

trad.		薑
simp.		姜^*
alternative forms		䕬𧅁𦷗葁姜

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 薑
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (畺) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
畺	*kaŋ
畕	*kaŋ
礓	*kaŋ
繮	*kaŋ
韁	*kaŋ
橿	*kaŋ
薑	*kaŋ
疆	*kaŋ
壃	*kaŋ
僵	*kaŋ
彊	kaŋs, ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ
麠	*kaŋ

Originally 䕬, a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 彊 (OC *kaŋs, *ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ).

Note that the simplified form 姜 (OC *klaŋ) is also a traditional character on its own.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kjaŋ (“ginger”). Compare Burmese ချင်း (hkyang:).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jiāng (jiang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄤ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jiang¹
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): goeng¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): giang¹, giang^1*
Gan (Wiktionary): jiong¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kiông

(Meixian, Guangdong): giong¹
Jin (Wiktionary): jion¹
Northern Min (KCR): gióng
Eastern Min (BUC): giŏng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kiuⁿ / kioⁿ / kiauⁿ / kiong / kiang

(Teochew, Peng'im): gion¹ / giên¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹cian
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jian¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiang
  - Wade–Giles: chiang¹
  - Yale: jyāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiang
  - Palladius: цзян (czjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jiang¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: goeng¹
  - Yale: gēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: goeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gêng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kœːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: giang¹, giang^1*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiaŋ³³/, /kiaŋ³³⁻³³⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: jiong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiông
  - Hakka Romanization System: giong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯oŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: giong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jion¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiɒ̃¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gióng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiɔŋ⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: giŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyoŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiuⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kiunn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kviw
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /kiũ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Kinmen): /kiũ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kioⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kionn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvioy
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Tainan): /kiɔ̃⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiauⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kiaunn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kviaw
  - IPA (Penang): /kiãu³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong
  - Tâi-lô: kiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiang
  - Tâi-lô: kiang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiafng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gion¹ / giên¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kioⁿ / kieⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kĩõ³³/, /kĩẽ³³/

Note:

gion1 - Shantou;
giên1 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹cian
  - MiniDict: cian^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jian
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiã⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: jian¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯æn³³/

Middle Chinese: kjang

Rime
Character	薑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居良切
Baxter	kjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/kiaŋ/
Wang Li	/kĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	goeng¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]aŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	薑
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiāng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjang ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]aŋ/
English	ginger
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	薑
Reading #	1/1
No.	6260
Phonetic component	畺
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	薑
Old Chinese	/*kaŋ/

Definitions

薑

ginger
- 蒙舍蠻以椒、薑、桂和烹而飲之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  蒙舍蛮以椒、姜、桂和烹而饮之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo, Manshu, chapter 7, part 7
  Méngshè Mán yǐ jiāo, jiāng, guì hé pēng ér yǐn zhī. [Pinyin]
  The Mengshe Barbarians use pepper, ginger, and cinnamon to boil as a drink.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 薑 (“ginger”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		薑
Mandarin	Beijing	薑
	Taiwan	薑
	Bayanhot	洋辣子
	Harbin	薑
	Yantai (Muping)	薑, 生薑
	Jinan	薑, 鮮薑, 黃薑
	Luoyang	薑
	Wanrong	薑, 生薑
	Zhengzhou	薑
	Xi'an	生薑, 薑
	Yinchuan	生薑
	Lanzhou	生薑
	Ürümqi	生薑
	Wuhan	生薑, 薑
	Chengdu	生薑, 薑
	Guiyang	生薑
	Guilin	薑
	Liuzhou	薑
	Nanning (Wuming)	薑
	Yizhou	薑
	Luocheng (Dongmen)	薑
	Xuzhou	生薑, 薑
	Yangzhou	生薑
	Nanjing	生薑, 薑
	Hefei	生薑
	Singapore	薑
	Dagudi (Maliba)	薑
	Reshuitang (Longling)	薑
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	薑
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	薑
Cantonese	Guangzhou	薑, 生薑
	Hong Kong	薑, 生薑
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	薑
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	薑
	Macau	薑
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	薑, 生薑
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	薑
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	薑, 生薑
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	薑
	Foshan	薑, 生薑
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	薑
	Foshan (Shunde)	薑
	Foshan (Sanshui)	薑
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	薑
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	薑
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	薑
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	薑
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	薑
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	薑
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	薑
	Taishan	薑乸, 薑
	Kaiping (Chikan)	薑乸
	Enping (Niujiang)	薑乸
	Heshan (Yayao)	薑
	Dongguan	薑
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	薑
	Shaoguan	薑
	Yunfu	薑乸
	Yangjiang	老薑, 薑, 薑乸
	Xinyi	薑, 生薑
	Lianjiang	薑, 薑乸
	Guiping (Jintian)	薑
	Guiping (Jiangkou)	薑
	Guiping (Madong)	薑
	Baise	薑
	Beihai	薑
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	薑
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	薑
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	薑
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	薑
	Singapore (Guangfu)	薑
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	薑
	Móng Cái	薑
Gan	Nanchang	生薑, 薑
	Pengze	生薑
	Lichuan	薑
	Pingxiang	薑
Hakka	Meixian	薑嫲, 薑, 生薑
	Dabu (Xihe)	薑
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	薑
	Huiyang	薑嫲
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	薑嫲
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	薑嫲
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	薑
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	薑
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	薑嫲
	Wuhua (Changbu)	薑嫲
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	薑
	Conghua (Lütian)	薑
	Jiexi	薑嫲
	Luhe	薑
	Yudu	薑
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	薑嫲
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	薑嫲
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	薑嫲
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	薑嫲
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	薑嫲
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	薑嫲
	Hong Kong	薑嫲
	Sabah (Longchuan)	薑嫲
	Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	薑
	Senai (Huiyang)	薑
	Singkawang	薑嫲
	Pontianak (Meixian)	薑嫲
Huizhou	Jixi	薑, 生薑
Jin	Taiyuan	鮮薑, 薑
	Datong	鮮薑
	Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou)	鮮薑
	Xinzhou	鮮薑
	Hohhot	生薑
Northern Min	Jian'ou	老薑, 薑
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	薑母, 薑
Eastern Min	Fuqing	薑母
Southern Min	Xiamen	薑
	Quanzhou	薑
	Zhangzhou	薑
	Taipei	薑
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	薑
	Kaohsiung	薑
	Yilan	薑
	Changhua (Lukang)	薑
	Taichung	薑
	Tainan	薑
	Hsinchu	薑
	Kinmen	薑
	Penghu (Magong)	薑
	Penang (Hokkien)	薑
	Singapore (Hokkien)	薑
	Manila (Hokkien)	薑
	Pingnan (Pingtian)	薑
	Guiping (Xiaowen)	薑
	Guiping (Dongsheng)	薑
	Guilin (Biyange)	薑
	Chaozhou	薑
	Bangkok (Teochew)	薑, ขิง
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	薑
	Singapore (Teochew)	薑
	Wenchang	薑母
	Haikou	薑母
Puxian Min	Putian	薑母
Puxian Min	Xianyou	薑母
Central Min	Yanping (Wangtai)	薑
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	薑
Southern Pinghua	Binyang	薑
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Qianjing)	薑
	Guilin (Liutang, Lingui)	薑
	Lingchuan (Shuangzhou)	薑
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	薑
Waxiang	Luxi (Lijiatian)	薑
Wu	Shanghai	生薑, 薑
	Shanghai (Chongming)	生薑
	Suzhou	薑, 生薑
	Danyang	生薑
	Hangzhou	薑
	Ningbo	生薑, 薑
	Wenzhou	薑, 生薑
	Jinhua	生薑
Xiang	Changsha	薑, 生薑
	Loudi	薑
	Shuangfeng	生薑

Compounds

乾薑／干姜 (gānjiāng)
人老精，薑老辣／人老精，姜老辣
吃蔥吃蒜不吃薑／吃葱吃蒜不吃姜
咬薑呷醋／咬姜呷醋 (yǎojiāngxiácù)
咬薑啜醋／咬姜啜醋
夠薑／够姜
嫩薑／嫩姜
子薑／子姜 (zǐjiāng)
山薑／山姜
廉薑／廉姜
本地薑唔辣／本地姜唔辣
枸薑／枸姜
桂薑／桂姜
毛薑／毛姜
洋薑／洋姜 (yángjiāng)
熬薑呷醋／熬姜呷醋
猴薑／猴姜
生薑／生姜 (shēngjiāng)
癡鼠拖薑／痴鼠拖姜
砂薑／砂姜
砸薑磨蒜／砸姜磨蒜
粉薑／粉姜
紅球薑／红球姜
胡椒細細辣過薑／胡椒细细辣过姜
般薑鼠／般姜鼠
苗薑／苗姜
茈薑／茈姜
薑啤／姜啤
薑嫲／姜嫲
薑是老的辣／姜是老的辣 (jiāng shì lǎo de là)
薑桂／姜桂
薑桂老辣／姜桂老辣 (jiāngguìlǎolà)
薑母／姜母 (jiāngmǔ)
薑母鴨／姜母鸭 (jiāngmǔyā)
薑汁撞奶／姜汁撞奶 (jiāngzhī zhuàng nǎi)
薑湯／姜汤
薑絲／姜丝 (jiāngsī)
薑絲大腸／姜丝大肠
薑越老越辣／姜越老越辣 (jiāngyuèlǎoyuèlà)
薑還是老的辣／姜还是老的辣 (jiāng háishì lǎo de là)
薑醋／姜醋 (jiāngcù)
薑餅／姜饼 (jiāngbǐng)
薑黃／姜黄 (jiānghuáng)
蜀薑／蜀姜
豬腳薑／猪脚姜 (zhūjiǎojiāng)
豬腳薑醋／猪脚姜醋 (zhūjiǎo jiāngcù)
野薑花／野姜花
高良薑／高良姜 (gāoliángjiāng)
鬼子薑／鬼子姜
麥句薑／麦句姜
黃薑／黄姜 (huángjiāng)
黃薑薑／黄姜姜
鼠銜薑／鼠衔姜

Descendants

→ Lisu: ꓚꓬꓺ (tʃɑ̱), ꓚꓬꓮꓥꓺ (tʃɑ̱ŋ)
→ Spanish: kion, kión
→ Zhuang: gieng

References

“薑”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

薑

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

ginger

Readings

Go-on: こう (kō)
Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
Kun: はじかみ (hajikami)

Compounds

薑黄(きょうおう) (kyōō): wild turmeric

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ka̠ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [강]

Hanja

Wikisource 薑 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
薑

Han character

薑: Hán Nôm readings: gừng; khương; cưng

Noun

薑

Nôm form of gừng (“ginger”).

References

Nom Foundation

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