Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/kjaŋ

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Etymology

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: ?
- Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *kyaŋ (Matisoff, STEDT)

There is perhaps a codaless variant, which may be an allofam or a product from the confusion with other species of Zingiberaceae (e.g. galangal); compare Tibetan སྒ (sga) (whence སྒེའུ (sge'u), སྒ་སྐྱ (sga skya)) ~ ལྒ (lga) ~ རྒ (rga) ("ginger"), Japanese 生姜 (shōga, “ginger”), Proto-Bahnaric *kjaː₁ (“ginger”), Thai ข่า (kha, “galangal”), Lao ຂ່າ (khā, “galangal”).

It is unknown how this relates to

Proto-Vietic *s-gəːŋ ~ s-kəːŋ (“ginger”)
> Vietnamese gừng / gầng
Proto-Hmongic *qʰinᴮ ("ginger")
> White Hmong qhiav
Proto-Mienic *kʰjuŋᴬ ("ginger") (possibly a Chinese loan)
Proto-Tai *χiːŋᴬ (“ginger”)
> Thai ขิง (kǐng), Lao ຂີງ (khīng), Shan ၶိင် (khǐng)
Proto-Hlai *kʰɯːŋ (“ginger”)
Proto-Kam-Sui *kaŋ (“ginger”) (possibly a Chinese loan)
Lakkia ɦiŋ² (“ginger”)
Khmer ខ្ញី (kɲəj, “ginger”).
Old Tamil 𑀇𑀜𑁆𑀘𑀺 (iñci), Old Tamil 𑀇𑀜𑁆𑀘𑀺 𑀯𑁂𑀭𑁆 (iñci vēr)
> Tamil இஞ்சி (iñci), Sanskrit शृङ्गवेर (śṛṅgavera), Ancient Greek ζιγγίβερῐς (zingíberis), English ginger

[1] Ginger, root of Zingiber officinale.

Noun

*kjaŋ

ginger

Descendants

Old Chinese: 䕬 (jiāng) /*kaŋ/ (B-S; ZS) ("ginger")
- Middle Chinese: 䕬 (jiāng), 薑／姜 (jiāng), 𧅁 (jiāng) /kɨɐŋ/

^{The template Template:Sinoxenic does not use the parameter(s): 5=gang
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}

**:

→ Japanese: 姜 (きょう, kyō)
Korean: 강 (薑, gang)
Vietnamese: khương (薑)

^{The template Template:Sinoxenic does not use the parameter(s): 5=saenggang
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}

**:

→ Japanese: 生姜 (しょうが, shōga)
Korean: 생강 (生薑, saenggang)
Vietnamese: sinh khương (生薑)

- - Modern Mandarin
    - Beijing: 薑／姜 (jiāng) (jiāng, /t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/)
  - Cantonese
    - Guangzhou: 薑／姜 (jiāng) /kœːŋ⁵⁵/
  - Wu
    - Shanghai: 薑／姜 (jiāng) /t͡ɕiã⁵³/
- Min
  - Min Nan
    - Taiwan: 薑／姜 (jiāng) /kiũ⁵⁵/
Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
- Lolo-Burmese
  - Burmish
    - Written Burmese: ချင်း (hkyang:, “ginger”)
Proto-Bodo-Garo: *hai²-ciŋ
- Bodo (India): हायजें (hayzeŋ)
- Dimasa: hajing
- Rabha: চিংকু (ciŋ-kú)
Proto-Kuki-Chin: *thiŋ
- Northern
  - Zou: sing

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.