きょう

See also: ぎょう

Japanese

Etymology 1

Alternative spelling
今日

⟨ke₁ pu⟩ → */kʲepu/ → /keɸu/ → */kewu/ → /keu/ → /kjoː/

From Old Japanese けふ (ke₁pu), from Proto-Japonic *kepu.

Originally a compound of 此 (ke, apophonic form of ko, "this") + 日 (fu, apophonic form of hi, “day”). The final /eu/ → /joː/ sound shift is a separate but regular phonological change.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きょー [kyóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2][3]
IPA^(key): [kʲo̞ː]

Noun

きょう • (kyō) ^{←けふ (kefu)^?}

today
Synonym: 本日 (honjitsu)
- 905–914, Kokin Wakashū (book 1, poem poem 20)[4]
  梓(あづさ)弓(ゆみ)をして春(はる)雨(さめ)けふ降(ふ)りぬあすさへ降(ふ)らば若(わか)菜(な)つみてん
  Azusayumi oshite harusame kefu furinu asu sae furaba wakana tsumiten
  Today fell spring rain, recalling catalpa bows that one bends to string. If it but falls tomorrow, we will be picking young greens.[5]
- 2013 April 7 [2012 December 9], ONE with Murata, Yusuke, “11(じゅういち)撃(げき)目(め)　強(つ)さの秘(ひ)訣(けつ) [11th Hit: Key to Power]”, in [ONEPUNCH-MAN](【ワンパンマン】) [ONE-PUNCH MAN], 6th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 86:
  
  今日(きょう)がスーパーの特(とく)売(ばい)日(び)じゃねーか
  Kyō ga sūpā no tokubai-bi ja nē ka
  Isn't today the supermarket’s special sale day?!

Derived terms

きょうあす (kyō asu)
きょうかあすか (kyō ka asu ka)
きょうが日(ひ) (kyō ga hi)
きょうこの頃(ごろ) (kyō konogoro)
きょうというきょう (kyō to iu kyō)
きょう日(び) (kyōbi)
きょうの秋(あき) (kyō no aki)
きょうの月(つき) (kyō no tsuki)
きょうの日(ひ) (kyō no hi)
明(あ)くるきょう (akuru kyō)
きのうきょう (kinō kyō)
きのうのきょう (kinō no kyō)
きのうやきょう (kinō ya kyō)

Proverbs

今日(きょう)あって明日(あす)ない身(み) (kyō atte asu nai mi)
今日(きょう)考(かんが)えて明日(あす)語(かた)れ (kyō kangaete asu katare)
今日(きょう)の情(なさ)けは明日(あす)の仇(あだ) (kyō no nasake wa asu no ada)
今日(きょう)の後(のち)に今日(きょう)なし (kyō no nochi ni kyō nashi)
今日(きょう)の一(ひと)針(はり)明日(あす)の十(と)針(はり) (kyō no hitohari asu no tohari)
今日(きょう)は人(ひと)の上(うえ)明日(あす)は我(わ)が身(み)の上(うえ) (kyō wa hito no ue asu wa waga mi no ue)
明日(あす)の百(ひゃく)より今日(きょう)の五(ご)十(じゅう) (asu no hyaku yori kyō no gojū)
昨日(きのう)のつづれ今日(きょう)の錦(にしき) (kinō no tsuzure kyō no nishiki)
昨日(きのう)の敵(てき)は今日(きょう)の友(とも) (kinō no teki wa kyō no tomo)
昨日(きのう)の淵(ふち)は今日(きょう)の瀬(せ) (kinō no fuchi wa kyō no se)
昨日(きのう)の錦(にしき)今日(きょう)の襤褸(つづれ) (kinō no nishiki kyō no tsuzure)
昨日(きのう)の花(はな)は今日(きょう)の夢(ゆめ) (kinō no hana wa kyō no yume)

Proper noun

きょう • (Kyō) ^{←けふ (kefu)^?}

a female given name

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of きょう – see the following entries.

【京】2	[noun] capital city [noun] Short for 京都 (Kyōto, “Kyōto (a city in Kyōto, Japan)”). [affix] capital city [affix] (specifically) Kyōto (a city in Kyōto, Japan) [affix] (especially) Tōkyō (a province of Japan)

【強】2	[noun] strength [noun] (lengths of time) slightly more than

【教】2	[affix] teaching [affix] doctrine [suffix] -ism (religion)

【共】4	[prefix] co-

【境】5	[noun] region, environment [noun] mental state [noun] (Buddhism) something that can be perceived with the mind or senses

【経】5

[noun] (Buddhism) a sutra (Buddhist scripture):

[noun] a discourse of the Gautama Buddha, one of the Twelve Divisions of Mahayana Buddhism

[noun] short for 経蔵 (Kyōzō): the Sutta Pitaka, one of the three divisions of the Tripitaka

[noun] collective term for Buddhist literature including sutras in general

[noun] (Buddhism, by extension of reading sutras) a Buddhist service or rite

[noun] a scripture (in religions other than Buddhism)

[proper noun] a surname

[proper noun] a unisex given name

【興】5	[noun] entertainment; pleasure; interest

【郷】6	[noun] hometown

【香】4	[noun] Clipping of 香車 (kyōsha, “incense chariot”).

【凶】S	[noun] ill fortune Alternative spelling 兇

【卿】J	[noun] (honorific title) Sir, Lord

【侠】H	[noun] chivalrous spirit (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

(This term, きょう, is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.)
For a list of all kanji read as きょう, see Category:Japanese kanji read as きょう.)

(The following entries are uncreated: 兄, 橋, 恐, 供, 孝, 狂, 饗, 兇, 羌, 轎.)

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Kojima, Noriyuki with Arai Eizō (1989) [905] Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 5: Kokin Wakashū (in Japanese), Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
Sōchō, H. Mack Horton (2002) The Journal of Sōchō, illustrated edition, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 209

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[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

[SMK5-3] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[4] Kojima, Noriyuki with Arai Eizō (1989) [905] Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 5: Kokin Wakashū (in Japanese), Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

[5] Sōchō, H. Mack Horton (2002) The Journal of Sōchō, illustrated edition, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 209