欃槍

Chinese

Santalum album; comet
 
gun; firearm; rifle
gun; firearm; rifle; spear
trad. (欃槍/攙搶) / /
simp. (欃枪)

Etymology

Unclear. The form 欃槍 was the one preferred by the Erya (爾雅). The Han-era writer Sima Xiangru (2nd century BCE) used the word in a (“rhymed prose”), where both forms, 欃槍/攙搶, were attested in different editions of the same text.

欃槍 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
欃枪 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: Sima Xiangru (司馬相如), 2nd century BCE. The Supreme One (《大人賦》).
Lǎn chánchēng yǐ wéi jīng xī, mí qūhóng ér wéi tāo. [Pinyin]
He grasps a comet to adorn his flag, and cuts off a rainbow arc as flagpole.

The Guangyun (廣韻) suggests an alliterative (雙聲) reading of the form 攙搶 (MC tsrhaem tshjang|tsrhjangX|tshjangX) < 攙搶 (OC *sʰraːm sʰaŋ/sʰaŋʔ/sʰraŋʔ), which is corroborated by the parallel alliteration of 屈虹 (MC kjut kaewngH) < 屈虹 (OC *klud kroːŋs) at the matching position in the next line.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (20) (19)
Final () (151) (109)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () II II
Fanqie
Baxter dzream tsrhaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʒˠɛm/ /t͡ʃʰˠæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɖ͡ʐᵚæm/ /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʒɐm/ /t͡ʃʰaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɖ͡ʐəɨm/ /ʈ͡ʂʰaɨjŋ/
Li
Rong
/d͡ʒɐm/ /t͡ʃʰɐŋ/
Wang
Li
/d͡ʒɐm/ /t͡ʃʰɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɖ͡ʐʱăm/ /ʈ͡ʂʰɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chán chēng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
caam4 cang1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 1224 1147
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*zrɯːm/ /*sʰraːŋ/

Noun

欃槍

  1. (obsolete, literary, chiefly poetic) comet

Synonyms

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