恣

恣	U+6063, 恣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6063

← 恢
[U+6062]

CJK Unified Ideographs

恤 →
[U+6064]

Translingual

Han character

恣 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈人心 (IOP) or 一人心 (MOP), four-corner 3733₈, composition ⿱次心)

Derived characters

懿𧫎𢤥𩥝𫱝𮢯𬤹

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 385, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10580
Dae Jaweon: page 715, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2292, character 9
Unihan data for U+6063

Chinese

trad.		恣
simp. ^#		恣

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 恣
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (次) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
咨	*ʔsli
資	*ʔsli
姿	*ʔsli
粢	*ʔsli
諮	*ʔsli
恣	*ʔslis
澬	ʔsli, zli
趑	*sʰli
蠀	*sʰli
次	*sn̥ʰis
佽	*sl̥ʰis
絘	*sl̥ʰis
薋	*zli
瓷	*zli
茨	*zli
餈	*zli
垐	zli, zlɯɡ
楶	*ʔsliːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔslis) : phonetic 次 (OC *sn̥ʰis) + semantic 心.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zì, zī (zi⁴, zi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄗˋ, ㄗ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ci³, zi¹, zi³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zì
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zìh
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴
  - Yale: dz̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyh
  - Palladius: цзы (czy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zī
  - Zhuyin: ㄗ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zih
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ¹
  - Yale: dz̄
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzy
  - Palladius: цзы (czy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ci³, zi¹, zi³
  - Yale: chi, jī, ji
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsi³, dzi¹, dzi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: qi³, ji¹, ji³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiː³³/, /t͡siː⁵⁵/, /t͡siː³³/

Middle Chinese: tsijH

Rime
Character	恣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	資四切
Baxter	tsijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siɪ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡si^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjɪ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡si^H/
Li Rong	/t͡si^H/
Wang Li	/t͡si^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡si^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tsi[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔslis/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	恣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zì
Middle Chinese	‹ tsij^H ›
Old Chinese	/*tsi[t]-s/
English	unrestrained, license
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	恣
Reading #	1/1
No.	1790
Phonetic component	次
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	恣
Old Chinese	/*ʔslis/

Definitions

恣

to indulge oneself; to be profligate; to throw off restraint
- 聖王不作，諸侯放恣，處士橫議。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  圣王不作，诸侯放恣，处士横议。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Shèngwáng bùzuò, zhūhóu fàngzì, chǔshì hèngyì. [Pinyin]
  Sage sovereigns cease to arise, the princes of the States give the reins to their lusts. Unemployed scholars indulge in unreasonable discussions.
to allow someone to do as they please
wantonly; to one’s heart's content
to change
(dialectal) comfortable; cosy

Compounds

專恣跋扈／专恣跋扈
恣心所欲
恣情
恣情縱欲／恣情纵欲
恣意 (zìyì)
恣意妄為／恣意妄为
恣意妄行
恣睢
恣睢無忌／恣睢无忌
恣縱／恣纵
恣肆 (zìsì)
恣肆無忌／恣肆无忌
恣虐
放恣
暴厲恣睢／暴厉恣睢
暴恣
暴戾恣睢
桀逆放恣
橫恣／横恣
汪洋自恣
狂恣
縱恣／纵恣
縱情恣欲／纵情恣欲
自恣
豪恣
跋扈自恣
逸游自恣
驕恣／骄恣

Japanese

Kanji

恣

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

selfish

Readings

Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kun: ほしいまま (hoshiimama, 恣)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
恣
し Grade: S
on’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɕi]

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 恣 – see the following entry.

【縦ほしいまま】6

[adjective] selfish, at will

[adjective] arbitrary

Alternative spellings
擅, 欲しい儘, 欲しい侭, 肆

(This term, 恣, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

恣 (eum 자 (ja))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

恣: Hán Nôm readings: thư, tứ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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