U+8328, 茨
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8328

[U+8327]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8329]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 140, +6, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿戈一人 (TIMO) or 廿一一人 (TMMO), four-corner 44182, composition )

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1028, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30896
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1487, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3208, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8328

Chinese

trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *zli) : semantic + phonetic (OC *sn̥ʰis).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (15)
Final () (15)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter dzij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ziɪ/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡zi/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡zjɪ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡zi/
Li
Rong
/d͡zi/
Wang
Li
/d͡zi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/d͡zʱi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ci4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 1800
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*zli/

Definitions

  1. caltrop, puncture vine, Tribulus terrestris
Compounds
  • 乾茨臘干茨腊
  • 土階茅茨土阶茅茨
  • 楚茨
  • 波茨坦 (Bōcítǎn)
  • 牆有茨墙有茨
  • 茅茨
  • 茆茨
  • 茅茨不剪
  • 茅茨土階茅茨土阶
  • 茨實米茨实米
  • 茨河 (Cíhé)
  • 茨菰 (cígū)
  • 茨藻
  • 野茨菰
  • 鳧茨凫茨 (fúcí)

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (Teochew) Alternative form of (potato, sweet potato and yam)

Japanese

(ibara, ubara, umara, mubara): a thorny shrub.

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. briar, bramble

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
いばら
Grade: 4
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings

/ubara//ibara/

Sound shift from Old Japanese ubara (see below).[1] Now the modern version of this term.

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) ばら [ìbárá] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [iba̠ɾa̠]

Noun

(いばら) • (ibara) 

  1. a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble
    Synonyms: (toge), (toge), (hari), (hari)
    • 1999 May 27, “()(かい)のイバラ [Thorns of the Demon World]”, in Vol.3, Konami:
      ()(かい)(せい)(そく)するイバラ()()(とお)ろうとする(もの)にからみつく。
      Makai ni seisoku suru ibara. Muri ni tōrō to suru mono ni karamitsuku.
      A thorny plant that grows in the demon world. It constricts any unwary passerby.
  2. (regional, chiefly Kansai) a thorn on a plant
  3. general name for wild roses
  4. (figurative) suffering, hardship, distress
  5. (architecture, construction) the point where two curved lines come together, such as the tip of a cusped gable
  6. (historical, slang) during the Edo period, a downmarket prostitute
    Synonym: 端女郎 (hashijorou)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
うばら
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.[1][2] Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[3]

Appears alongside the umara form (see below), suggesting possible prenasalization, perhaps realized as */umbara/.

Superseded by ibara above.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɯ̟ᵝba̠ɾa̠]

Noun

(うばら) • (ubara) 

  1. (archaic) a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble
  2. (archaic) general name for wild roses
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
うまら
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.[1][2] Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[4]

Appears alongside the ubara form (see above), suggesting possible prenasalization, perhaps realized as */umbara/.

Superseded by ibara above.

Noun

(うまら) • (umara) 

  1. (archaic) a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble
    • 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 47:
      翹棘 翹尅 音交 訓久波多川 棘 音里 訓宇末良
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. (archaic) general name for wild roses

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
むばら
Grade: 4
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling

Appears in the Heian period,[1] apparently as a shift from ubara. Used in The Tales of Ise dating to the early 900s CE.[2]

Considering the earlier free alternation between ubara and umara, suggesting a possible prenasalized pronunciation such as */umbara/, this mubara may have arisen from an alternative spelling to clarify nasalization. Old Japanese orthography had no unambiguous means of specifying the nasal coda consonant (n), using (mu) instead. In fact, the modern kana (n) developed from a hentaigana form of (mu).

Superseded by ibara above.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [mɯ̟ᵝba̠ɾa̠]

Noun

(むばら) • (mubara) 

  1. (archaic) a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble
  2. (archaic) general name for wild roses

References

  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 16, poem 3832:
    , text here
  4. c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 20, poem 4352:
    , text here
  • Unknown (794) Yoshinori Kobayashi, editor, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (Kojisho Ongi Shūsei) (in Japanese), volume 1, Kyūko Shoin, published 1978, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja

• (ja) (hangeul , revised ja, McCuneReischauer cha, Yale ca)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: tỳ,

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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