寂

寂	U+5BC2, 寂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BC2

← 寁
[U+5BC1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

寃 →
[U+5BC3]

Translingual

Han character

寂 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十卜火水 (JYFE), four-corner 3094₇, composition ⿱宀叔)

Derived characters

漃, 𢠭, 𬿟, 𫴇

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 288, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7200
Dae Jaweon: page 569, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 938, character 4
Unihan data for U+5BC2

Chinese

simp. and trad.		寂
alternative forms		䆥𡧘𡧯𡧴𡨁䆥𡧘𡧯𡧴𡨁𥨅𡨜𢚍𥤽𥥒𠱙𧧌𰩒

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (尗) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
椒	*ʔsliw
茮	*ʔsliw
踧	l'ɯːwɢ, ʔslɯwɢ
蔋	*l'ɯːwɢ
惄	*nɯːwɢ
戚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慼	*sʰlɯːwɢ
鏚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慽	*sʰlɯːwɢ
磩	*sʰlɯːwɢ
寂	*zlɯːwɢ
嘁	*ʔsluːb
墄	*sʰlɯːɡ
摵	srɯːɡ, ʔslɯwɢ, *srɯwɢ
督	*ʔl'uːwɢ
錖	*ʔl'uːwɢ
裻	ʔl'uːwɢ, sluːwɢ
傶	*ʔslɯːwɢ
蹙	*ʔslɯwɢ
槭	*ʔslɯwɢ
縬	ʔslɯwɢ, ʔsrɯwɢ
顣	*ʔslɯwɢ
敊	*l̥ʰɯwɢ
琡	ʔljɯwɢ, l̥ʰjɯwɢ
俶	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
埱	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
淑	*ɦljɯwɢ
婌	*ɦljɯwɢ
尗	*hljɯwɢ
叔	*hljɯwɢ
掓	*hljɯwɢ
菽	*hljɯwɢ
鮛	*hljɯwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zlɯːwɢ) : semantic 宀 (“house”) + phonetic 叔 (OC *hljɯwɢ)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jì, jí

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ, ㄐㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zik⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sit
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): che̍k / chia̍k / chi̍p / siok / chi̍t / chiauh / chih

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jì
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jì
  - Wade–Giles: chi⁴
  - Yale: jì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jí
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jí
  - Wade–Giles: chi²
  - Yale: jí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zik⁶
  - Yale: jihk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzik⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: jig⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit
  - Hakka Romanization System: xid`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /sit̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: che̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tsi̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zek
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tsia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍p
  - Tâi-lô: tsi̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cip
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sip̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sip̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siok
  - Tâi-lô: siok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siog
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍t
  - Tâi-lô: tsi̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cit
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sit̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiauh
  - Tâi-lô: tsiauh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciauq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siauʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chih
  - Tâi-lô: tsih
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciq
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siʔ⁵/

Note:

che̍k/chia̍k - literary;
chi̍p/chi̍t/siok - colloquial variants;
chiauh/chih - vernacular (e.g 靜寂寂／静寂寂).

Middle Chinese: dzek

Rime
Character	寂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	錫 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	前歷切
Baxter	dzek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/d͡zek̚/
Wang Li	/d͡ziek̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱiek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zik⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-[d]ˤiwk/

(Zhengzhang): /*zlɯːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	寂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzek ›
Old Chinese	/*s-[d]ˁiwk/
English	quiet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寂
Reading #	1/1
No.	11734
Phonetic component	尗
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	寂
Old Chinese	/*zlɯːwɢ/

Definitions

寂

still; silent; quiet
lonely; solitary

Compounds

不甘寂寞 (bùgānjìmò)
侘寂
冥寂
冷寂 (lěngjì)
嗼寂 (mòjì)
圓寂／圆寂 (yuánjì)
孤寂 (gūjì)
寂天
寂寂
寂寂無名／寂寂无名
寂寂無聞／寂寂无闻 (jìjìwúwén)
寂寞 (jìmò)
寂寥 (jìliáo)
寂歷／寂历 (jìlì)
寂滅／寂灭
寂然 (jìrán)
寂若死灰
寂若無人／寂若无人
寂靜／寂静 (jìjìng)
寞天寂地
寥寂
岑寂 (cénjì)
幽寂
悲寂
慧寂
普寂
本寂
枯寂 (kūjì)
死寂 (sǐjì)
沉寂 (chénjì)
淵思寂慮／渊思寂虑
湛寂
澄思寂慮／澄思寂虑
示寂
視端容寂／视端容寂
禪寂／禅寂
萬籟俱寂／万籁俱寂 (wànlàijùjì)
臨寂／临寂
解悶破寂／解闷破寂
闃寂／阒寂 (qùjì)
闃寂無聲／阒寂无声
靜寂／静寂 (jìngjì)

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01035
“寂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

寂

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: じゃく (jaku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō ^†)
Kun: さびしい (sabishii, 寂しい, Jōyō); さび (sabi, 寂, Jōyō); さびれる (sabireru, 寂れる, Jōyō)

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

寂 (eum 적 (jeok))

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Vietnamese

Han character

寂: Hán Nôm readings: tịch, chệt, tạch

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