孔雀

Chinese
hole; surname bird; lentigo; sparrow
simp. and trad.
(孔雀)		 孔 雀

Etymology

孔 (kǒng, “peacock”) + 雀 (què); see 孔 (kǒng).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 孔 雀
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 東 (1) 藥 (107)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 康董切 即略切
Baxter khuwngX tsjak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kʰuŋX/ /t͡sɨɐk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʰuŋX/ /t͡siɐk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kʰuŋX/ /t͡siɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kʰəwŋX/ /t͡sɨak̚/
Li
Rong		 /kʰuŋX/ /t͡siak̚/
Wang
Li		 /kʰuŋX/ /t͡sĭak̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kʰuŋX/ /t͡si̯ak̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 kǒng jue
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 hung2 zoek3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 孔 雀
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 kǒng què
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ khuwngX › ‹ tsjak ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ʰˁoŋʔ/ /*[ts]ewk/
English (surname) sparrow

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 孔 雀
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 7489 10745
Phonetic
component		 孔 雀
Rime
group		 東 藥
Rime
subdivision		 0 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 孔 爵
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰloːŋʔ/ /*ʔsewɢ/
Notes 金文象就乳，與古候切從子殼聲字（說文乳也）同源

Noun

孔雀

  1. peacock; peafowl (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)

Synonyms
  • (literary, or in compounds) 孔 (kǒng)

Derived terms
  • 孔雀女 (kǒngquènǚ)
  • 孔雀座 (Kǒngquèzuò)
  • 孔雀明王 (Kǒngquè Míngwáng)
  • 孔雀東南飛／孔雀东南飞
  • 孔雀王朝 (Kǒngquè Wángcháo)
  • 孔雀石 (kǒngquèshí)
  • 孔雀綠／孔雀绿
  • 孔雀舞 (kǒngquèwǔ)
  • 孔雀藍／孔雀蓝
  • 孔雀開屏／孔雀开屏
  • 小實孔雀豆／小实孔雀豆
  • 屏開金孔雀／屏开金孔雀

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (孔雀):

Others:

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
孔 雀
く
Grade: S		 じゃく
Jinmeiyō
goon kan’yōon

/kuᵑ sʲakʉ/ → /kuⁿzʲakʉ/ → /kuʑaku/

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 孔雀 (MC khuwngX tsjak).

First cited in the Wamyō Ruijushō of roughly 934.[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) くじゃく [kùjákú] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
  • IPA(key): [kɯ̟ᵝʑa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

孔(く)雀(じゃく) or 孔雀(クジャク) • (kujaku) 

  1. [circa 934] a peafowl
    Hypernym: 雉 (kiji)
  2. [1768] (historical, colloquial) an upper-class prostitute especially in Edo-period Yoshiwara
    from their gold-threaded patterns of peafowl, fenghuang, etc. on their fine clothes
  3. a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with a design of a peacock's expanded tailfeathers
Usage notes
  • As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as クジャク.
  • The genders can be distinguished by using 雄 (osu) and 雌 (mesu), as in 雄クジャク (osu kujaku, “peacock”) and 雌クジャク (mesu kujaku, “peahen”).
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 孔(く)雀(じゃく)王(おう) (Kujaku Ō)
  • 孔(く)雀(じゃく)王(おう)朝(ちょう) (Kujaku Ōchō)
  • 孔(ク)雀(ジャク)貝(ガイ) (kujakugai)
  • 孔(く)雀(じゃく)経(きょう) (Kujaku-kyō)
  • くじゃく座(ざ) (Kujaku-za)
  • 孔(ク)雀(ジャク)サボテン (kujaku saboten)
  • 孔(ク)雀(ジャク)羊歯(シダ) (kujaku shida)
  • 孔(く)雀(じゃく)絞(しぼ)り (kujaku shibori)
  • 孔(く)雀(じゃく)石(せき) (kujakuseki)
  • 孔(ク)雀(ジャク)草(ソウ) (kujakusō)
  • 孔(く)雀(じゃく)染(ぞ)め (kujaku-zome)
  • 孔(く)雀(じゃく)炭(たん) (kujakutan)
  • 孔(ク)雀(ジャク)椿(ツバキ) (kujaku tsubaki)
  • 孔(く)雀(じゃく)の木(き) (kujaku no ki)
  • 孔(く)雀(じゃく)の間(ま) (kujaku no ma)
  • 孔(ク)雀(ジャク)鳩(バト) (kujakubato)
  • 孔(ク)雀(ジャク)檜(ヒ)葉(バ) (kujaku hiba)
  • 孔(く)雀(じゃく)明(みょう)王(おう) (Kujaku Myōō)
  • 孔(ク)雀(ジャク)椰(ヤ)子(シ) (kujaku yashi)
  • 印(イン)度(ド)孔(ク)雀(ジャク) (Indo kujaku)
  • 薄(ウス)葉(バ)孔(ク)雀(ジャク) (usuba kujaku)
  • 沖(オキ)縄(ナワ)孔(ク)雀(ジャク) (Okinawa kujaku)
  • 乙女(オトメ)孔(ク)雀(ジャク) (otome kujaku)
  • 小(コ)孔(ク)雀(ジャク) (kokujaku)
  • 白(シロ)孔(ク)雀(ジャク) (shirokujaku)
  • 紅(べに)孔(く)雀(じゃく) (beni kujaku)
  • 真(マ)孔(ク)雀(ジャク) (makujaku)
  • 舞(マイ)孔(ク)雀(ジャク) (maikujaku)
  • 藪(ヤブ)孔(ク)雀(ジャク) (yabukujaku)
Idioms
  • 孔(く)雀(じゃく)の卵(たまご) (kujaku no tamago)
  • 鳶(とび)が孔(く)雀(じゃく)を生(う)む (tobi ga kujaku o umu)

Proper noun

孔(く)雀(じゃく) • (Kujaku) 

  1. (astronomy, colloquial) Short for くじゃく座 (Kujaku-za): Pavo

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
孔 雀
く
Grade: S		 さく > ざく
Jinmeiyō
goon

/kuᵑ sakʉ/ → /kuⁿzakʉ/ → /kuzaku/

A variant shift from Middle Chinese 孔雀 (MC khuwngX tsjak).

First cited in the Utsubo Monogatari of roughly 999.[1]

Noun

孔(く)雀(ざく) • (kuzaku) 

  1. [circa 999] (rare, obsolete) a peafowl

See also
  • ピーコック (pīkokku, “peacock”)

References
  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
孔雀

Noun

孔雀 • (gongjak) (hangeul 공작)

  1. Hanja form? of 공작 (“peafowl”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
孔雀

Noun

孔雀

  1. chữ Hán form of khổng tước (“peafowl”).
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