妄

妄	U+5984, 妄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5984

← 妃
[U+5983]

CJK Unified Ideographs

妅 →
[U+5985]

Stroke order

Translingual

Han character

妄 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 卜女女 (YVV), four-corner 0040₄, composition ⿱亡女)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 256, character 1

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6063

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1027, character 9

Unihan data for U+5984

Chinese

trad.		妄
simp. ^#		妄
alternative forms		𡚶𡔞

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 妄
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (亡) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
忙	*maːŋ
芒	maːŋ, maŋ
茫	*maːŋ
恾	*maːŋ
吂	maːŋ, maːŋs
汒	maːŋ, maŋs
朚	maːŋ, hmaːŋ, maŋ, mraːŋ, *mraːŋs
邙	maːŋ, maŋ
杗	maːŋ, maŋ
荒	hmaːŋ, hmaːŋs
肓	*hmaːŋ
衁	*hmaːŋ
巟	*hmaːŋ
詤	hmaːŋ, hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ
慌	hmaːŋ, hmaːŋʔ
謊	*hmaːŋʔ
喪	smaːŋs, smaːŋ
亡	*maŋ
望	maŋ, maŋs
莣	*maŋ
朢	maŋ, maŋs
鋩	*maŋ
硭	*maŋ
忘	maŋ, maŋs
网	*mlaŋʔ
罔	*mlaŋʔ
蛧	*maŋʔ
網	*mlaŋʔ
輞	*maŋʔ
棢	*maŋʔ
惘	*maŋʔ
菵	*maŋʔ
誷	*maŋʔ
魍	*maŋʔ
妄	*maŋs
盲	*mraːŋ
蝱	*mraːŋ
虻	*mraːŋ
氓	*mraːŋ
甿	*mraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maŋs) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ) + semantic 女 (“woman”).

With 亡 also including meanings of “loss” or “destruction”, this character can be interpreted as the loss (亡) of one's proper reason after being seduced by a woman (女).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wàng (wang⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mong⁵, mong⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mong
Eastern Min (BUC): uông
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bōng

(Teochew, Peng'im): bhuang²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶vaon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wàng
  - Wade–Giles: wang⁴
  - Yale: wàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wanq
  - Palladius: ван (van)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: mong⁵, mong⁶
  - Yale: móhng, mohng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mong⁵, mong⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: mong⁵, mong⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔːŋ¹³/, /mɔːŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mong
  - Hakka Romanization System: mong
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mong⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /moŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uông
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uɔŋ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bōng
  - Tâi-lô: bōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bong
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bhuang²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: buáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /buaŋ⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶vaon
  - MiniDict: vaon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³vaan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /vɑ̃²³/

Middle Chinese: mjangH

Rime
Character	妄
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巫放切
Baxter	mjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mʉɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/mʷiɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/miuɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/miuaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/mĭwaŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/miwaŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mong⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*maŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*maŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	妄
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wàng
Middle Chinese	‹ mjang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*maŋ-s/
English	reckless
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	妄
Reading #	1/1
No.	12684
Phonetic component	亡
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	妄
Old Chinese	/*maŋs/

Definitions

妄

Compounds

不敢妄言
任性妄為／任性妄为
僭妄 (jiànwàng)
塵妄／尘妄
大膽妄為／大胆妄为
妄下雌黃／妄下雌黄
妄人 (wàngrén)
妄作 (wàngzuò)
妄動／妄动 (wàngdòng)
妄圖／妄图 (wàngtú)
妄念
妄想 (wàngxiǎng)
妄想症 (wàngxiǎngzhèng)
妄求 (wàngqiú)
妄為／妄为 (wàngwéi)
妄生穿鑿／妄生穿凿
妄稱／妄称 (wàngchēng)
妄自尊大 (wàngzìzūndà)
妄自菲薄 (wàngzìfěibó)
妄言 (wàngyán)
妄言妄聽／妄言妄听
妄言輕動／妄言轻动
妄說／妄说
妄語／妄语 (wàngyǔ)
妄誕／妄诞 (wàngdàn)
妖妄
姑妄聽之／姑妄听之
姑妄言之
恣意妄為／恣意妄为
恣意妄行
愚妄 (yúwàng)
無妄／无妄 (wúwàng)
無妄之災／无妄之灾 (wúwàngzhīzāi)
無妄之禍／无妄之祸
無妄之福／无妄之福
狂妄 (kuángwàng)
狂妄自大 (kuángwàngzìdà)
痴心妄想 (chīxīnwàngxiǎng)
目不妄視／目不妄视
真妄
瞽言妄舉／瞽言妄举
禍不妄至／祸不妄至
肆意妄為／肆意妄为
膽大妄為／胆大妄为
虛妄／虚妄 (xūwàng)
言十妄九
言狂意妄
誕妄／诞妄 (dànwàng)
謀虛逐妄／谋虚逐妄
謬妄／谬妄 (miùwàng)
譫妄／谵妄 (zhānwàng)
貪心妄想／贪心妄想
輕舉妄動／轻举妄动 (qīngjǔ-wàngdòng)
逞意妄為／逞意妄为
驕矜狂妄／骄矜狂妄

References

“妄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

妄

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

a lie
carelessly

Readings

Go-on: もう (mō, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)
Kun: みだりに (midarini, 妄りに)

Compounds

妄言(もうげん) (mōgen), 妄言(ぼうげん) (bōgen)
妄信(もうしん) (mōshin), 妄信(ぼうしん) (bōshin)
妄説(もうせつ) (mōsetsu), 妄説(ぼうせつ) (bōsetsu)
妄想(もうそう) (mōsō), 妄想(ぼうそう) (bōsō)
妄誕(もうたん) (mōtan), 妄誕(ぼうたん) (bōtan): groundlessness, additionally, groundless talk
妄動(もうどう) (mōdō), 妄動(ぼうどう) (bōdō)
妄念(もうねん) (mōnen)

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean Readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ma̠ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [망]

Hanja

Wikisource 妄 (eumhun 허망할 망 (heomanghal mang))

Hanja form^? of 망 (“absurd, foolish, reckless”).
Hanja form^? of 망 (“false”).

Compounds

망념 (妄念, mangnyeom)

Vietnamese

Han character

妄: Hán Nôm readings: vọng, vòng

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