堂堂
Chinese
| (main) hall; large room | (main) hall; large room | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (堂堂) |
堂 | 堂 | |
Pronunciation
Adjective
堂堂
- (literary) imposing; magnificent; majestic; stately
- (literary) grave; solemn; dignified
- 將來你長大時，
- From: June 1919; 胡適 Hu Shih; 我的兒子
- Jiānglái nǐ zhǎngdà shí,
Mò wàng le wǒ zěnyàng jiàoxùn érzi:
Wǒ yào nǐ zuò yīge tángtáng de rén,
Bù yào nǐ zuò wǒ de xiàoshùn érzi. [Pinyin] - (please add an English translation of this usage example)
莫忘了我怎樣教訓兒子：
我要你做一個堂堂的人，
不要你做我的孝順兒子。 [MSC, trad.]
将来你长大时，
莫忘了我怎样教训儿子：
我要你做一个堂堂的人，
不要你做我的孝顺儿子。 [MSC, simp.]
- (literary) powerful; strong
- (literary) ambitious
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 堂 | 堂 |
| どう Grade: 5 |
どう Grade: 5 |
| goon | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 堂々 |
Etymology
Ultimately from Middle Chinese 堂堂 (MC dang dang). First cited in Japanese in the late 1100s.[1]
Pronunciation
Adjective
堂堂 • (dōdō) †-tari (adnominal 堂堂とした (dōdō to shita) or 堂堂たる (dōdō taru), adverbial 堂堂と (dōdō to) or 堂堂として (dōdō to shite))
- [from late 1100s] magnificent, grand, bold, impressive, majestic, imposing, dignified, stately
- 堂々たる大聖堂の外観
- dōdōtaru daiseidō no gaikan
- the exterior of the grand cathedral
- 堂々たる大聖堂の外観
- [from 1906] proud, fair, square, open, unreserved, hiding nothing
Usage notes
- As an adjective, this takes the たる (taru) attributive ending, as shown in the usage examples.
Adverb
堂堂 • (dōdō)
- [from late 1100s] magnificently, grandly, boldly, impressively, majesticly, imposingly, in a dignified or stately manner
- その老人は堂々とした顔つきをしていた。
- Sono rōjin wa dōdō to shita kaotsuki o shite ita.
- The old man had a noble countenance.
- 彼はその式典で堂々と振る舞った。
- Kare wa sono shikiten de dōdō to furumatta.
- He bore himself well at the ceremony.
- 堂々としなさい。
- Dōdō to shinasai.
- Walk tall, son.
- その老人は堂々とした顔つきをしていた。
- [from 1906] proudly, fairly, squarely, openly, unreservedly, without apology, without hesitation, hiding nothing
Usage notes
- As an adverb, this takes the adverbial particle と (to), as shown in the usage examples.
References
- “堂堂”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- EDICT and KANJIDIC dictionary files. Electronic Dictionaries Research Group. Used in accordance with the group's license.
- Michael Panzera (2010 March 6 (last accessed)) “List of -Taru Adjectives”, in Blastitwonner: Law and Language in Japan
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