| three | dynasty; generation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (三代) |
三 | 代 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 三 | 代 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 談 (143) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 蘇甘切 | 徒耐切 |
| Baxter | sam | dojH |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/sɑm/ | /dʌiH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/sɑm/ | /dəiH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/sɑm/ | /dɒiH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/sam/ | /dəjH/ |
| Li Rong |
/sɑm/ | /dᴀiH/ |
| Wang Li |
/sɑm/ | /dɒiH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/sɑm/ | /dʱɑ̆iH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
sān | dài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
saam1 | doi6 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 三 | 代 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
sān | dài |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ sam › | ‹ dojH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*s.rum/ (*s.r- > s-; infl. by 四 *s-?) | /*lˁək-s/ |
| English | three | replace |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 三 | 代 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10963 | 14963 |
| Phonetic component |
三 | 弋 |
| Rime group |
侵 | 代 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
三 | 代 |
| Old Chinese |
/*suːm/ | /*l'ɯːɡs/ |
三代