みそか

Japanese
Alternative spellings
三十日
晦日

Etymology

From 三十 (miso, “thirty”, a native Japanese word(和語 (wago))) +‎ 日 (-ka, counter for days).

The kanji spelling 晦日 is from the Sino-Japanese word 晦日 (kaijitsu).

Pronunciation

Noun

みそか • (misoka) 

  1. the last day of a month
    Synonyms: 尽日 (jinjitsu), 晦 (tsugomori)
  2. the thirtieth day of a lunar month
    Synonym: 三十日 (sanjūnichi)
  3. thirty days
    Synonym: 三十日 (sanjūnichi)

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 晦日(みそか)勘(かん)定(じょう) (misoka kanjō)
  • 晦日(みそか)節(ぜち) (misokazechi)
  • 晦日(みそか)正(しょう)月(がつ) (misoka shōgatsu)
  • 晦日(みそか)蕎麦(そば) (misokasoba)
  • 晦日(みそか)払(ばら)い (misokabarai)
  • 大(おお)晦日(みそか) (ōmisoka)

Proverbs
  • 女(じょ)郎(ろう)に誠(まこと)あれば晦日(みそか)に月(つき)が出(で)る (jorō ni makoto areba misoka ni tsuki ga deru)
  • 三十日(みそか)に月(つき)が出(でる) (misoka ni tsuki ga deru)
  • 六月(ろくがつ)三十日(みそか)は年(とし)の臍(へそ) (rokugatsu misoka wa toshi no heso)

See also
Japanese number-counter combinations for 日
1(st) 2(nd) 3(rd) 4(th) 5(th) 6(th) 7(th) 8(th) 9(th) 10(th)
How many? 一(いち)日(にち) (ichinichi) 二(ふつ)日(か) (futsuka) 三(みっ)日(か) (mikka) 四(よっ)日(か) (yokka) 五(いつ)日(か) (itsuka) 六(むい)日(か) (muika) 七(なの)日(か) (nanoka)
七(なぬ)日(か) (nanuka)		 八(よう)日(か) (yōka) 九(ここの)日(か) (kokonoka) 十(とお)日(か) (tōka)
What day? 一日(ついたち) (tsuitachi)
一(いっ)日(ぴ) (ippi)
11(th) 12(th) 13(th) 14(th) 15(th) 16(th) 17(th) 18(th) 19(th) 20(th)
十(じゅう)一(いち)日(にち) (jūichinichi) 十(じゅう)二(に)日(にち) (jūninichi) 十(じゅう)三(さん)日(にち) (jūsannichi) 十(じゅう)四(よっ)日(か) (jūyokka) 十(じゅう)五(ご)日(にち) (jūgonichi) 十(じゅう)六(ろく)日(にち) (jūrokunichi) 十(じゅう)七(しち)日(にち) (jūshichinichi) 十(じゅう)八(はち)日(にち) (jūhachinichi) 十(じゅう)九(く)日(にち) (jūkunichi) 二十(はつ)日(か) (hatsuka)
24(th) 27(th) 29(th) 30(th) 40(th) 50(th) 100(th) 1,000(th) 10,000(th)  ?
二(に)十(じゅう)四(よっ)日(か) (nijūyokka) 二(に)十(じゅう)七(しち)日(にち) (nijūshichinichi) 二(に)十(じゅう)九(く)日(にち) (nijūkunichi) 三(さん)十(じゅう)日(にち) (sanjūnichi)
三(み)十(そ)日(か) (misoka)		 四(し)十(じゅう)日(にち) (shijūnichi)
四(よ)十(そ)日(か) (yosoka)		 五(ご)十(じゅう)日(にち) (gojūnichi)
五十(い)日(か) (ika)		 百(ひゃく)日(にち) (hyakunichi)
百(もも)日(か) (momoka)		 千(せん)日(にち) (sennichi) 一(いち)万(まん)日(にち) (ichimannichi) 何(なん)日(にち) (nannichi)

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  3. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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