κρούω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • κροαίνω (kroaínō) Homeric

Etymology

According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *krows- (push, bump, strike, break), zero grade *krus-.

Cognates include Proto-Slavic *krušiti, whence Russian крушить (krušitʹ, to destroy, shatter) and Czech krušný (hard, strenuous, grim), as well as Latvian krausēt and Lithuanian kraušyti (to stamp (off)), Lithuanian krušti (to smash, crash, grind, fuck). Compare Proto-Balto-Slavic *krušāˀ, whence Latvian krusa (hail) and Proto-Slavic *krъxà (lump), in turn leading to Russian кроха (kroxa, morsel, crumb, little child), and Gothic 𐌺𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (kriustan, to gnash, grind), perhaps a Balto-Slavic loan word.

Pronunciation

 

Verb

κρούω • (kroúō)

  1. to strike, smite
  2. to clap hands
  3. to tap
  4. to strike a string with a plectron
  5. to knock at the door on the outside
  6. (middle voice)
    1. to back water
      κρούομαι πρύμνᾰν (kroúomai prúmnan)
    2. to fly backwards
      κρούεσθαι τὸ πτερόν (kroúesthai tò pterón)

Inflection

Synonyms

And see their derivatives:

  • κροῦμα n (kroûma, beat, stroke; play music instruments)
  • κρούπεζαι f pl (kroúpezai, high wooden shoes)
  • κροῦσις f (kroûsis, striking, smiting, collision)
  • κροῦσμα n (kroûsma, κροῦμα, beat, stroke)
  • κρουσμός m (krousmós, gnashing of teeth)
  • κρουστέον (kroustéon, one must knock at)
  • κρούστης m (kroústēs, petulcus)
  • -κρούστης
  • κρουστικός (kroustikós, fit for striking, butting)
  • κρουστός (kroustós, played by striking)

Compounds and their derivatives

Descendants

  • Greek: κρούω (kroúo)
  • Mariupol Greek: кру́гу (krúhu)

References

Greek

Etymology

The Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkru.o/
  • Hyphenation: κρού‧ω

Verb

κρούω • (kroúo) (past έκρουσα, passive κρούομαι)

  1. to strike

Conjugation

Derived terms

  • κρούση f (kroúsi, strike)
  • κρούσμα n (kroúsma, case) (medical)
  • κρουστός (kroustós, tightly woven; of percussion)

Compounds of the verb (and see their derivatives)

Other compounds

  • -κρουση f (-krousi, -)
  • -κρουστικός (-kroustikós, adjective)
  • κωδωνοκρούστης m (kodonokroústis, toller, bell ringer)
  • παράκρουση f (parákrousi, delusion, hallucination)
  • προανάκρουσμα n (proanákrousma, prelude, overture)
  • προκρούστειος (prokroústeios, procrustean)
  • υπόκρουση f (ypókrousi, accompaniment) (music)
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