krusa
See also: kruša
Latvian
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *krušā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *krows-. Cognate with Lithuanian krušà (“hail”), Proto-Slavic *krъxà (“lump”).
Declension
Declension of krusa (4th declension)
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | krusa | — |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | krusu | — |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | krusas | — |
| dative (datīvs) | krusai | — |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | krusu | — |
| locative (lokatīvs) | krusā | — |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | krusa | — |
Swedish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Swedish krusa, from Middle Low German krûsen, related with Proto-Germanic *kruzlǭ (“bent or crooked object, curl”). Further origin uncertain. Possibly from Pre-Germanic *grus-, contracted from Proto-Indo-European *gurus- (“twist, curl”), same source as Persian گرس (gors, “braid of hair”).[1]
Related to Dutch kroes (“frizzy”), German kraus (“curly”).[2] Also a cognate of German krausen and Norwegian Nynorsk krusa and Danish kruse.
Conjugation
Conjugation of krusa (weak)
| Active | Passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | krusa | krusas | ||
| Supine | krusat | krusats | ||
| Imperative | krusa | — | ||
| Imper. plural1 | krusen | — | ||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | |
| Indicative | krusar | krusade | krusas | krusades |
| Ind. plural1 | krusa | krusade | krusas | krusades |
| Subjunctive2 | kruse | krusade | kruses | krusades |
| Participles | ||||
| Present participle | krusande | |||
| Past participle | krusad | |||
| 1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. | ||||
See also
References
- krusa in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- krusa in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- krusa in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- krusa in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “kroezen”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
- “krus”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish), 1937
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