superar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin superāre. Doublet of the inherited sobrar.

Pronunciation

Verb

superar (first-person singular present supero, first-person singular preterite superí, past participle superat); root stress: (Central, Valencian, Balearic) /e/

  1. to surpass; exceed
  2. to overcome; get past

Conjugation
    Conjugation of superar (first conjugation)
infinitive superar
gerund superant
past participle masculine feminine
singular superat superada
plural superats superades
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present supero superes supera superem supereu superen
imperfect superava superaves superava superàvem superàveu superaven
future superaré superaràs superarà superarem superareu superaran
preterite superí superares superà superàrem superàreu superaren
conditional superaria superaries superaria superaríem superaríeu superarien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present superi superis superi superem supereu superin
imperfect superés superessis superés superéssim superéssiu superessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
affirmative — supera superi superem supereu superin
negative (no) — no superis no superi no superem no supereu no superin

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin superāre. Doublet of the inherited sobrar.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /su.peˈɾa(ʁ)/ [su.peˈɾa(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /su.peˈɾa(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /su.peˈɾa(ʁ)/ [su.peˈɾa(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /su.peˈɾa(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /su.pɨˈɾaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /su.pɨˈɾa.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: su‧pe‧rar

Verb

superar (first-person singular present supero, first-person singular preterite superei, past participle superado)

  1. to exceed
  2. to overcome

Conjugation
    Conjugation of superar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal superar
Personal superar superares superar superarmos superardes superarem
Gerund
superando
Past participle
Masculine superado superados
Feminine superada superadas
Indicative
Present supero superas supera superamos superais superam
Imperfect superava superavas superava superávamos superáveis superavam
Preterite superei superaste superou superamos1, superámos2 superastes superaram
Pluperfect superara superaras superara superáramos superáreis superaram
Future superarei superarás superará superaremos superareis superarão
Conditional superaria superarias superaria superaríamos superaríeis superariam
Subjunctive
Present supere superes supere superemos supereis superem
Imperfect superasse superasses superasse superássemos superásseis superassem
Future superar superares superar superarmos superardes superarem
Imperative
Affirmative supera supere superemos superai superem
Negative (não) não superes não supere não superemos não supereis não superem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin superāre. Doublet of the inherited sobrar.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /supeˈɾaɾ/ [su.peˈɾaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: su‧pe‧rar

Verb

superar (first-person singular present supero, first-person singular preterite superé, past participle superado)

  1. to surpass, exceed
  2. to overcome
  3. to beat, to outdo
  4. to overtake, pass
  5. to get over
    Supéralo, hombre. ― Get over it, man.
  6. (reciprocal) to outdo each other, to one-up each other
  7. (reflexive) to outdo oneself
  8. (reflexive) to be overcome
  9. (reflexive) to be exceeded, to be surmounted, to be broken (e.g. a record broken)

Conjugation
    Conjugation of superar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive superar
gerund superando
past participle masculine feminine
singular superado superada
plural superados superadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present supero superastú
superásvos		 supera superamos superáis superan
imperfect superaba superabas superaba superábamos superabais superaban
preterite superé superaste superó superamos superasteis superaron
future superaré superarás superará superaremos superaréis superarán
conditional superaría superarías superaría superaríamos superaríais superarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present supere superestú
superésvos2		 supere superemos superéis superen
imperfect
(ra)		 superara superaras superara superáramos superarais superaran
imperfect
(se)		 superase superases superase superásemos superaseis superasen
future1 superare superares superare superáremos superareis superaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative superatú
superávos		 supere superemos superad superen
negative no superes no supere no superemos no superéis no superen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of superar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive superar
dative superarme superarte superarle, superarse superarnos superaros superarles, superarse
accusative superarme superarte superarlo, superarla, superarse superarnos superaros superarlos, superarlas, superarse
with gerund superando
dative superándome superándote superándole, superándose superándonos superándoos superándoles, superándose
accusative superándome superándote superándolo, superándola, superándose superándonos superándoos superándolos, superándolas, superándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative supera
dative supérame supérate supérale supéranos not used supérales
accusative supérame supérate supéralo, supérala supéranos not used supéralos, supéralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative superá
dative superame superate superale superanos not used superales
accusative superame superate superalo, superala superanos not used superalos, superalas
with formal second-person singular imperative supere
dative supéreme not used supérele, supérese supérenos not used supéreles
accusative supéreme not used supérelo, supérela, supérese supérenos not used supérelos, supérelas
with first-person plural imperative superemos
dative not used superémoste superémosle superémonos superémoos superémosles
accusative not used superémoste superémoslo, superémosla superémonos superémoos superémoslos, superémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative superad
dative superadme not used superadle superadnos superaos superadles
accusative superadme not used superadlo, superadla superadnos superaos superadlos, superadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative superen
dative supérenme not used supérenle supérennos not used supérenles, supérense
accusative supérenme not used supérenlo, supérenla supérennos not used supérenlos, supérenlas, supérense

Derived terms

Further reading
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