sonhar

Occitan

Etymology

Cognate with French soigner.

Pronunciation
  • Audio (Languedocien)(file)

Verb

sonhar

  1. to treat (a medical condition, etc.)
  2. to care for

Conjugation
    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)
simple compound
infinitive sonhar aver sonhat
gerund sonhant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle sonhat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present sonhi sonhas sonha sonham sonhatz sonhan
imperfect sonhavi sonhavas sonhava sonhàvem sonhàvetz sonhavan
preterite sonhèri sonhères sonhèt sonhèrem sonhèretz sonhèron
future sonharai sonharàs sonharà sonharem sonharetz sonharàn
conditional sonhariái sonhariás sonhariá sonhariam sonhariatz sonharián
conditional 2nd form1 sonhèra sonhèras sonhèra sonheram sonheratz sonhèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present sonhe sonhes sonhe sonhem sonhetz sonhen
imperfect sonhèssi sonhèsses sonhèsse sonhèssem sonhèssetz sonhèsson
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
sonha sonhem sonhatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Auvernhàs
simple compound
infinitive sonhar aver sonhat
gerund sonhant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle sonhat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present sonhe sonhes sonha sonham sonhatz sonhon
imperfect sonhave sonhaves sonhava sonhaviam sonhaviatz sonhavon
preterite sonhere sonheres sonhet sonhem sonhetz sonheron
future sonharai sonharàs sonhará sonharem sonharetz sonharán
conditional sonhariá sonhariás sonhariá sonhariam sonhariatz sonharián
conditional 2nd form1 sonhèra sonhèras sonhèra sonheram sonheratz sonhèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present sonhe sonhes sonhe sonhassiam sonhassiatz sonhon
imperfect sonhesse sonhesses sonhesse sonhessiam sonhessiatz sonhesson
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
sonha sonhassiam sonhatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Gascon
simple compound
infinitive sonhar aver sonhat
gerund sonhant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle sonhat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present sonhi sonhas sonha sonham sonhatz sonhan
imperfect sonhavi sonhavas sonhava sonhàvam sonhàvatz sonhavan
preterite sonhèi sonhès sonhè sonhèm sonhètz sonhèn
future sonharèi sonharàs sonharà sonharam sonharatz sonharàn
conditional sonharí sonharés sonharé sonharem sonharetz sonharén
conditional 2nd form1 sonhèra sonhèras sonhèra sonheram sonheratz sonhèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present sonhi sonhes sonhe sonhem sonhetz sonhen
imperfect sonhèssi sonhèsses sonhèsse sonhèssem sonhèssetz sonhèssen
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
sonha sonhem sonhatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Lemosin
simple compound
infinitive sonhar aver sonhat
gerund sonhant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle sonhat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present sonhe sonhas sonha sonham sonhatz sonhan
imperfect sonhava sonhavas sonhava sonhàvam sonhàvatz sonhavan
preterite sonhei sonheras sonhet sonhèram sonhèratz sonheran
future sonharai sonharàs sonhará sonharem sonharetz sonharán
conditional sonhariá sonhariàs sonhariá sonhariam sonhariatz sonharián
conditional 2nd form1 sonhèra sonhèras sonhèra sonheram sonheratz sonhèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present sonhe sonhes sonhe sonhem sonhetz sonhen
imperfect sonhèsse sonhèsses sonhèsse sonhèssem sonhèssetz sonhèssen
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
sonha sonhem sonhatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Provençau
simple compound
infinitive sonhar aver sonhat
gerund sonhant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle sonhat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present sonhe sonhes sonha sonham sonhatz sonhan
imperfect sonhavi sonhavas sonhava sonhàvem sonhàvetz sonhavan
preterite sonhère sonhères sonhèt sonheriam sonheriatz sonhèron
future sonharai sonharàs sonharà sonharem sonharetz sonharàn
conditional sonhariáu sonhariás sonhariá sonhariam sonhariatz sonharián
conditional 2nd form1 sonhèra sonhèras sonhèra sonheram sonheratz sonhèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present sonhe sonhes sonhe sonhem sonhetz sonhan
imperfect sonhèsse sonhèsses sonhèsse sonhessiam sonhessiatz sonhèsson
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
sonha sonhem sonhatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin somniāre.

Verb

sonhar

  1. to dream

Conjugation
    Conjugation of sonhar
infinitive simple sonhar
compound infinitive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
gerund simple sonhando
compound gerund of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
past participle singular plural
masculine sonhado sonhada
feminine sonhados sonhadas
present participle sonhante sonhantes
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative mood eu tu el~ele
ela
vossa mercee		 nos
nos outros
nos outras		 vos
vos outros
vos outras		 eles
elas
simple
tenses		 present sonho sonhas sonha sonhamos sonhades sonham3, sonhan4
imperfect sonhava sonhavas sonhava sonhavamos sonhavades sonhavam3, sonhavan4
preterite sonhei sonhaste3, sonhasche4 sonhou sonhamos sonhastes sonharom3, sonharon4
pluperfect sonhara sonharas sonhara sonharamos sonharades sonharam3, sonharan4
future sonharei sonharás sonhará sonharemos sonharedes sonharám3, sonharán4
conditional sonharía sonharías sonharía sonhariamos sonhariades sonharíam3, sonharían4
compound
tenses		 present perfect present of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
present imperfect imperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
past anterior preterite of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
pluperfect simple pluperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
future perfect future of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
subjunctive mood eu tu el~ele
ela
vossa mercee		 nos
nos outros
nos outras		 vos
vos outros
vos outras		 eles
elas
simple
tenses		 present sonhe sonhes sonhe sonhemos sonhedes sonhem3, sonhen4
preterite sonhasse sonhasses sonhasse sonhássemos sonhássedes sonhassem3, sonhassen4
future sonhar sonhares sonhar sonharmos sonhardes sonharem3, sonharen4
compound
tenses		 present perfect present subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
pluperfect preterite subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
future perfect future subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
imperative mood — tu vossa mercee nos
nos outros
nos outras		 vos
vos outros
vos outras		 —
affirmative — sonha sonhe sonhemos sonhade —
negative — non sonhes non sonhe non sonhemos non sonhedes —
personal infinitive eu tu el~ele
ela
vossa mercee		 nos
nos outros
nos outras		 vos
vos outros
vos outras		 eles
elas
sonhar sonhares sonhar sonharmos sonhardes sonharem3, sonharen4

1 Its alternative form aver can be used as well.

2 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver".

3 Less common in Galicia

4 Less common in Portugal

    Descendants
    • Galician: soñar
    • Portuguese: sonhar

    Further reading

    Portuguese

    Etymology

    Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese sonhar, from Latin somniāre. Compare Galician and Spanish soñar, and Italian sognare.

    Pronunciation
     
    • (Brazil) IPA(key): /sõˈɲa(ʁ)/ [sõˈj̃a(h)]
      • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /sõˈɲa(ɾ)/ [sõˈj̃a(ɾ)]
      • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /sõˈɲa(ʁ)/ [sõˈj̃a(χ)]
      • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /soˈɲa(ɻ)/
     
    • (Portugal) IPA(key): /suˈɲaɾ/
      • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /suˈɲa.ɾi/

    • Hyphenation: so‧nhar

    Verb

    sonhar (first-person singular present sonho, first-person singular preterite sonhei, past participle sonhado)

    1. (intransitive, or transitive with com (about)) to dream (see imaginary events while sleeping)
      Sonhei com ele. ― I had a dream about him.
      Será que os Androides Sonham com Ovelhas Elétricas? ― Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?
    2. to dream (wish)

    Conjugation
        Conjugation of sonhar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
    Singular Plural
    First-person
    (eu)    		 Second-person
    (tu)    		 Third-person
    (ele / ela / você)    		 First-person
    (nós)    		 Second-person
    (vós)    		 Third-person
    (eles / elas / vocês)
    Infinitive
    Impersonal sonhar
    Personal sonhar sonhares sonhar sonharmos sonhardes sonharem
    Gerund
    sonhando
    Past participle
    Masculine sonhado sonhados
    Feminine sonhada sonhadas
    Indicative
    Present sonho sonhas sonha sonhamos sonhais sonham
    Imperfect sonhava sonhavas sonhava sonhávamos sonháveis sonhavam
    Preterite sonhei sonhaste sonhou sonhamos1, sonhámos2 sonhastes sonharam
    Pluperfect sonhara sonharas sonhara sonháramos sonháreis sonharam
    Future sonharei sonharás sonhará sonharemos sonhareis sonharão
    Conditional sonharia sonharias sonharia sonharíamos sonharíeis sonhariam
    Subjunctive
    Present sonhe sonhes sonhe sonhemos sonheis sonhem
    Imperfect sonhasse sonhasses sonhasse sonhássemos sonhásseis sonhassem
    Future sonhar sonhares sonhar sonharmos sonhardes sonharem
    Imperative
    Affirmative sonha sonhe sonhemos sonhai sonhem
    Negative (não) não sonhes não sonhe não sonhemos não sonheis não sonhem

    1Brazilian Portuguese.
    2European Portuguese.

    Descendants
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