fos
English
See also
- cub fos (etymologically unrelated)
Catalan
Verb
fos
Cornish
References
- Cornish-English Dictionary from Maga's Online Dictionary
Danish
Alternative forms
- fors (rare)
Etymology
Revived ca. 1750 through Norwegian foss, from Old Norse foss, fors. Cognate with Swedish fors, Faroese fossur, and Icelandic foss.
Noun
fos c (singular definite fossen, plural indefinite fosser or (now rare) fosse)
- (Norway) waterfall
- Synonym: vandfald
- 1872, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, “Bjørnejægeren [The Bear Hunter]”, in Fortællinger [Tales], page 359:
- Den var bunden med Jærnlænker, sagde han, og endda havde den slidt over den, som var om Forbenene; han saa tydelig, der var Liv i den, og Blod gik ifra den som en Fos!
- It was bound with iron chains, he said, and yet it had broken the one around its front legs; he saw clearly that it was alive, and blood flowed from it like a waterfall!
- 1933, Knut Hamsun, Mens livet lever [While Life Plays], pages 276–277:
- Det stod et vaatt Drev og en besk Vind fra Fossen ovenfor, skjønt Solen skinnet var det Veir til Oljehyr og Sydvest.
- There was a wet drift and a bitter wind from the waterfall above, and even if the sun shone, there was weather for an oilskin suit and ou’wester.
Descendants
- Norwegian Bokmål: foss
References
Hungarian
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Ugric *pačke like Northern Mansi пош (poš), Finnish paska and Estonian pask. For the verb sense, see also fosik.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈfoʃ]
- Hyphenation: fos
- Rhymes: -oʃ
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | fos | fosok |
accusative | fost | fosokat |
dative | fosnak | fosoknak |
instrumental | fossal | fosokkal |
causal-final | fosért | fosokért |
translative | fossá | fosokká |
terminative | fosig | fosokig |
essive-formal | fosként | fosokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | fosban | fosokban |
superessive | foson | fosokon |
adessive | fosnál | fosoknál |
illative | fosba | fosokba |
sublative | fosra | fosokra |
allative | foshoz | fosokhoz |
elative | fosból | fosokból |
delative | fosról | fosokról |
ablative | fostól | fosoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
fosé | fosoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
foséi | fosokéi |
Possessive forms of fos | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | fosom | fosaim |
2nd person sing. | fosod | fosaid |
3rd person sing. | fosa | fosai |
1st person plural | fosunk | fosaink |
2nd person plural | fosotok | fosaitok |
3rd person plural | fosuk | fosaik |
Adjective
fos (comparative fosabb, superlative legfosabb)
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | fos | fosok |
accusative | fost | fosokat |
dative | fosnak | fosoknak |
instrumental | fossal | fosokkal |
causal-final | fosért | fosokért |
translative | fossá | fosokká |
terminative | fosig | fosokig |
essive-formal | fosként | fosokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | fosban | fosokban |
superessive | foson | fosokon |
adessive | fosnál | fosoknál |
illative | fosba | fosokba |
sublative | fosra | fosokra |
allative | foshoz | fosokhoz |
elative | fosból | fosokból |
delative | fosról | fosokról |
ablative | fostól | fosoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
fosé | fosoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
foséi | fosokéi |
Usage notes
This form also occurs when a verbal prefix is separated from the verb:
- fos (…) le, le … fos ― lefos
- and some more, see its derivatives with verbal prefixes.
Conjugation
conjugation of fos
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | fosok | fosol | fos | fosunk | fostok | fosnak | |
Def. | fosom | fosod | fossa | fossuk | fossátok | fossák | |||
2nd-p. o. | foslak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | fostam | fostál | fosott | fostunk | fostatok | fostak | ||
Def. | fostam | fostad | fosta | fostuk | fostátok | fosták | |||
2nd-p. o. | fostalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. fosni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | fosék | fosál | fosa | fosánk | fosátok | fosának | ||
Def. | fosám | fosád | fosá | fosánk | fosátok | fosák | |||
2nd-p. o. | fosálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. fos vala, fosott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | fosandok | fosandasz | fosand | fosandunk | fosandotok | fosandanak | ||
Def. | fosandom | fosandod | fosandja | fosandjuk | fosandjátok | fosandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | fosandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | fosnék | fosnál | fosna | fosnánk | fosnátok | fosnának | |
Def. | fosnám | fosnád | fosná | fosnánk (or fosnók) |
fosnátok | fosnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | fosnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. fosott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | fossak | foss or fossál |
fosson | fossunk | fossatok | fossanak | |
Def. | fossam | fosd or fossad |
fossa | fossuk | fossátok | fossák | |||
2nd-p. o. | fossalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. fosott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | fosni | fosnom | fosnod | fosnia | fosnunk | fosnotok | fosniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
fosás | fosó | fosott | fosandó | fosva (fosván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of fos
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | foshatok | foshatsz | foshat | foshatunk | foshattok | foshatnak | |
Def. | foshatom | foshatod | foshatja | foshatjuk | foshatjátok | foshatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | foshatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | foshattam | foshattál | foshatott | foshattunk | foshattatok | foshattak | ||
Def. | foshattam | foshattad | foshatta | foshattuk | foshattátok | foshatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | foshattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | foshaték | foshatál | foshata | foshatánk | foshatátok | foshatának | ||
Def. | foshatám | foshatád | foshatá | foshatánk | foshatátok | foshaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | foshatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. foshat vala, foshatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | foshatandok or fosandhatok |
foshatandasz or fosandhatsz |
foshatand or fosandhat |
foshatandunk or fosandhatunk |
foshatandotok or fosandhattok |
foshatandanak or fosandhatnak | ||
Def. | foshatandom or fosandhatom |
foshatandod or fosandhatod |
foshatandja or fosandhatja |
foshatandjuk or fosandhatjuk |
foshatandjátok or fosandhatjátok |
foshatandják or fosandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | foshatandalak or fosandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | foshatnék | foshatnál | foshatna | foshatnánk | foshatnátok | foshatnának | |
Def. | foshatnám | foshatnád | foshatná | foshatnánk (or foshatnók) |
foshatnátok | foshatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | foshatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. foshatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | foshassak | foshass or foshassál |
foshasson | foshassunk | foshassatok | foshassanak | |
Def. | foshassam | foshasd or foshassad |
foshassa | foshassuk | foshassátok | foshassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | foshassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. foshatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (foshatni) | (foshatnom) | (foshatnod) | (foshatnia) | (foshatnunk) | (foshatnotok) | (foshatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | fosható | Neg. adj. | foshatatlan | Adv. part. | (foshatva / foshatván) | ||||
Further reading
- (noun sense): fos in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (verb sense): fos , partly redirecting to fosik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Irish
Noun
fos m (genitive singular fois) (literary)
Declension
Declension of fos
First declension
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Derived terms
- i bhfos
- lucht fois
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
fos | fhos | bhfos |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 foss, fos”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “fos”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 332
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “fos”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Jamaican Creole
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fos/
Adjective
fos
- first
- 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, Jan 4:4:
- Bot im did afi paas chuu Samieriya fos.
- But he had to pass through Samaria first.
Further reading
- fos at majstro.com
Middle English
Tetum
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