ech

See also: Ech and ECH

Bergish

Alternative forms

Pronoun

ech

  1. I

East Central German

Alternative forms
  • oech (Oberländisch High Prussian)
  • öch (Breslau(i)sch High Prussian)

Pronoun

ech

  1. (Oberländisch High Prussian) I (first person pronoun)
    • E. Heinel, Erinnerungen. 2. Die Stadt Marienburg, in: 1849, Neue Preußische Provinzial-Blätter. Jahrgang 1849. Juli – December, Königsberg, p. 161ff., here p. 174 (), an example inside of a Standard High German text:
      Eine Probe dieses Dialekts wird seine Anmuth klar machen. Ein Schulknabe erhob bei seinem Lehrer, welcher zugleich Kantor an der evangelischen Kirche war, folgende Anklage; „Herr Kunterche (Kantorchen) de Junges soge emmer, ech hob dem Matzing (Metzing) saine Kraih (Krähe) gestohle!“
    • 1881, August Schemionek, Ausdrücke und Redensarten der Elbingschen Mundart mit einem Anhange von Anekdoten dem Volke nacherzählt. Gesammelt und erklärt, Verlag von Theodor Bertling, Danzig, p. 49 (inside the section Proben der Elbingischen Mundart), an example beginning with Standard High German:
      Arzt: Nun Frau Vogelreuter, Sie haben mich rufen lassen, was fehlt Ihnen denn?
      „Na Herr Docter, oech wees je nich, esse ess oech, trinke trink oech, on schloafe schloaf oech och—man es romort mer so en de Kaldaunen.“—
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
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Esperanto

Adverb

ech

  1. H-system spelling of eĉ

Kalasha

Noun

ech

  1. Alternative spelling of eč

Luxembourgish

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ik.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /eχ/, [əɕ]
  • Homophones: iech, Iech (unstressed only)

Pronoun

ech

  1. first-person singular, nominative: I
    Ech liese gären. ― I like reading.

Declension
Luxembourgish personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative reflexive
str. unstr. str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ech — mech — mir mer like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(informal)		 du de dech — dir der like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(formal)		 Dir Der Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech
3rd person singular m hien en hien en him em sech
f si se si se hir er sech
n hatt et ('t) hatt et ('t) him em sech
1st person plural mir mer eis (ons) — eis (ons) — eis (ons)
2nd person plural dir der iech iech [əɕ] iech iech [əɕ] iech
3rd person plural si se si se hinnen en sech

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old English ǣlċ, a contraction of ǣġhwylċ (compare ewilch). For the loss of /l/, compare which, swich.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɛːt͡ʃ/, /ɛt͡ʃ/
  • (Northern) IPA(key): /it͡ʃ/, /ilk/

Determiner

ech

  1. every (all of a group)
  2. each (all of a group, seen individually)
  3. (Early Middle English) any; at all
  4. (rare) All kinds of.

Descendants
  • English: each
  • Scots: ilk, elk
  • Yola: earch

References

Pronoun

ech

  1. each one
  2. every one

Descendants

References

Old Irish

Etymology

From Primitive Irish *ᚓᚊᚐᚄ (*eqas), from Proto-Celtic *ekʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos (“horse”). Cognates include Latin equus, Ancient Greek ἵππος (híppos), Sanskrit अश्व (áśva) and Old Armenian էշ (ēš, “donkey”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ex/

Noun

ech m (genitive eich, nominative plural eich)

  1. horse

Declension
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ech echL eichL
Vocative eich echL eochuH
Accusative echN echL eochuH
Genitive eichL ech echN
Dative eochL echaib echaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Synonyms

Descendants

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
ech unchanged n-ech
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

Polish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɛx/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛx
  • Syllabification: ech

Etymology 1

Onomatopoeic.

Interjection

ech

  1. argh! (used to express disappointment, despondence, or impatience)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

ech n

  1. genitive plural of echo

Further reading
  • ech in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ech in Polish dictionaries at PWN
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