doba

See also: dobā, dobă, and dobą

Atong (India)

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

doba

  1. mud

References

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *doba (“time”) probably comes from Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₂ebʰ- (“appropriate”), which is also connected with Lithuanian dabà (“nature, character”) and dabar̃ (“now”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (gadaban, “be appropriate”), so it is possible that originally it meant "appropriate time" which later changed just into "time".[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈdoba]
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -oba
  • Hyphenation: do‧ba

Noun

doba f

  1. age (particular period of time in history)
    napřed své doby ― ahead of one's time
  2. time, period
    po nějaké době ― after a while
    Za celou dobu jsem nikdy nic neprodala! ― I never sold anything the whole time I was there.
  3. (music) beat

Declension
Declension of doba (hard feminine)
singular plural
nominative doba doby
genitive doby dob
dative době dobám
accusative dobu doby
vocative dobo doby
locative době dobách
instrumental dobou dobami

Derived terms

References
  1. Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “doba”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 151

Further reading
  • doba in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • doba in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • doba in Internetová jazyková příručka

Galician

Verb

doba

  1. inflection of dobar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Kashubian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *doba (“time”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈdɔba/
  • Syllabification: do‧ba

Noun

doba f

  1. day (full 24 hours), nychthemeron

Derived terms
adjectives
  • sztrajkòwi
verbs
  • sztrajkòwac

Further reading
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “doba”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
  • “doba”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Latvian

Adjective

doba

  1. inflection of dobs:
    1. genitive singular masculine
    2. nominative singular feminine

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *doba (“time”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈdɔ.ba/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔba
  • Syllabification: do‧ba

Noun

doba f

  1. day (full 24 hours), nychthemeron
  2. age, era, period

Declension
Declension of doba
singular plural
nominative doba doby
genitive doby dób
dative dobie dobom
accusative dobę doby
instrumental dobą dobami
locative dobie dobach
vocative dobo doby

Derived terms

Further reading
  • doba in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • doba in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *doba (“time”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /dôːba/
  • Hyphenation: do‧ba

Noun

dȏba n (Cyrillic spelling до̑ба)

  1. time
  2. age, epoch, era
    U doba dinosaura nije bilo puno sisavaca. ― In the age of dinosaurs, there weren't many mammals.
  3. season (division of the year in regards to weather)
    Zima je najhladnije godišnje doba. ― Winter is the coldest season.

Declension
Declension of doba
singular plural
nominative doba doba
genitive doba doba
dative dobu dobima
accusative doba doba
vocative doba doba
locative dobu dobima
instrumental dobom dobima

See also
  • čas
  • godišnja doba
  • godišnje doba

Further reading
  • “doba” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • “doba” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *doba.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /dɔ̀ːba/

Noun

dóba f

  1. period
  2. age
Inflection
The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Feminine, a-stem
nom. sing. dôba
gen. sing. dôbe
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)		 dôba dôbi dôbe
genitive
(rodȋlnik)		 dôbe dôb dôb
dative
(dajȃlnik)		 dôbi dôbama dôbam
accusative
(tožȋlnik)		 dôbo dôbi dôbe
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)		 dôbi dôbah dôbah
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)		 dôbo dôbama dôbami

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

dóba

  1. inflection of dọ̑b:
    1. genitive singular
    2. nominative/accusative dual

Further reading
  • “doba”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
  • “doba”, in Termania, Amebis
  • See also the general references

Venda

Verb

doba

  1. to pick up

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dóba (“to fish”). The expected reflex is loba, but this can be explained as analogy with udobo/izindobo.

Verb

-dôba

  1. to fish

Inflection
Tone HH
Infinitive ukudoba
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukudoba ukungadobi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular doba -dobe
Plural dobani -dobeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyadoba, ngidoba engidobayo, engidoba ngidoba angidobi engingadobi ngingadobi
2nd singular uyadoba, udoba odobayo, odoba udoba awudobi ongadobi ungadobi
1st plural siyadoba, sidoba esidobayo, esidoba sidoba asidobi esingadobi singadobi
2nd plural niyadoba, nidoba enidobayo, enidoba nidoba anidobi eningadobi ningadobi
Class 1 uyadoba, udoba odobayo, odoba edoba akadobi ongadobi engadobi
Class 2 bayadoba, badoba abadobayo, abadoba bedoba abadobi abangadobi bengadobi
Class 3 uyadoba, udoba odobayo, odoba udoba awudobi ongadobi ungadobi
Class 4 iyadoba, idoba edobayo, edoba idoba ayidobi engadobi ingadobi
Class 5 liyadoba, lidoba elidobayo, elidoba lidoba alidobi elingadobi lingadobi
Class 6 ayadoba, adoba adobayo, adoba edoba awadobi angadobi engadobi
Class 7 siyadoba, sidoba esidobayo, esidoba sidoba asidobi esingadobi singadobi
Class 8 ziyadoba, zidoba ezidobayo, ezidoba zidoba azidobi ezingadobi zingadobi
Class 9 iyadoba, idoba edobayo, edoba idoba ayidobi engadobi ingadobi
Class 10 ziyadoba, zidoba ezidobayo, ezidoba zidoba azidobi ezingadobi zingadobi
Class 11 luyadoba, ludoba oludobayo, oludoba ludoba aludobi olungadobi lungadobi
Class 14 buyadoba, budoba obudobayo, obudoba budoba abudobi obungadobi bungadobi
Class 15 kuyadoba, kudoba okudobayo, okudoba kudoba akudobi okungadobi kungadobi
Class 17 kuyadoba, kudoba okudobayo, okudoba kudoba akudobi okungadobi kungadobi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngidobile, ngidobē engidobile, engidobē ngidobile, ngidobē angidobanga engingadobanga ngingadobanga
2nd singular udobile, udobē odobile, odobē udobile, udobē awudobanga ongadobanga ungadobanga
1st plural sidobile, sidobē esidobile, esidobē sidobile, sidobē asidobanga esingadobanga singadobanga
2nd plural nidobile, nidobē enidobile, enidobē nidobile, nidobē anidobanga eningadobanga ningadobanga
Class 1 udobile, udobē odobile, odobē edobile, edobē akadobanga ongadobanga engadobanga
Class 2 badobile, badobē abadobile, abadobē bedobile, bedobē abadobanga abangadobanga bengadobanga
Class 3 udobile, udobē odobile, odobē udobile, udobē awudobanga ongadobanga ungadobanga
Class 4 idobile, idobē edobile, edobē idobile, idobē ayidobanga engadobanga ingadobanga
Class 5 lidobile, lidobē elidobile, elidobē lidobile, lidobē alidobanga elingadobanga lingadobanga
Class 6 adobile, adobē adobile, adobē edobile, edobē awadobanga angadobanga engadobanga
Class 7 sidobile, sidobē esidobile, esidobē sidobile, sidobē asidobanga esingadobanga singadobanga
Class 8 zidobile, zidobē ezidobile, ezidobē zidobile, zidobē azidobanga ezingadobanga zingadobanga
Class 9 idobile, idobē edobile, edobē idobile, idobē ayidobanga engadobanga ingadobanga
Class 10 zidobile, zidobē ezidobile, ezidobē zidobile, zidobē azidobanga ezingadobanga zingadobanga
Class 11 ludobile, ludobē oludobile, oludobē ludobile, ludobē aludobanga olungadobanga lungadobanga
Class 14 budobile, budobē obudobile, obudobē budobile, budobē abudobanga obungadobanga bungadobanga
Class 15 kudobile, kudobē okudobile, okudobē kudobile, kudobē akudobanga okungadobanga kungadobanga
Class 17 kudobile, kudobē okudobile, okudobē kudobile, kudobē akudobanga okungadobanga kungadobanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngādoba engādoba ngādoba angidobanga engingadobanga ngingadobanga
2nd singular wādoba owādoba wādoba awudobanga ongadobanga ungadobanga
1st plural sādoba esādoba sādoba asidobanga esingadobanga singadobanga
2nd plural nādoba enādoba nādoba anidobanga eningadobanga ningadobanga
Class 1 wādoba owādoba ādoba akadobanga ongadobanga engadobanga
Class 2 bādoba abādoba bādoba abadobanga abangadobanga bengadobanga
Class 3 wādoba owādoba wādoba awudobanga ongadobanga ungadobanga
Class 4 yādoba eyādoba yādoba ayidobanga engadobanga ingadobanga
Class 5 lādoba elādoba lādoba alidobanga elingadobanga lingadobanga
Class 6 ādoba ādoba ādoba awadobanga angadobanga engadobanga
Class 7 sādoba esādoba sādoba asidobanga esingadobanga singadobanga
Class 8 zādoba ezādoba zādoba azidobanga ezingadobanga zingadobanga
Class 9 yādoba eyādoba yādoba ayidobanga engadobanga ingadobanga
Class 10 zādoba ezādoba zādoba azidobanga ezingadobanga zingadobanga
Class 11 lwādoba olwādoba lwādoba aludobanga olungadobanga lungadobanga
Class 14 bādoba obādoba bādoba abudobanga obungadobanga bungadobanga
Class 15 kwādoba okwādoba kwādoba akudobanga okungadobanga kungadobanga
Class 17 kwādoba okwādoba kwādoba akudobanga okungadobanga kungadobanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingadoba — ngingadoba ngingedobe — ngingedobe
2nd singular ungadoba — ungadoba ungedobe — ungedobe
1st plural singadoba — singadoba singedobe — singedobe
2nd plural ningadoba — ningadoba ningedobe — ningedobe
Class 1 angadoba — engadoba angedobe — engedobe
Class 2 bangadoba — bengadoba bangedobe — bengedobe
Class 3 ungadoba — ungadoba ungedobe — ungedobe
Class 4 ingadoba — ingadoba ingedobe — ingedobe
Class 5 lingadoba — lingadoba lingedobe — lingedobe
Class 6 angadoba — engadoba angedobe — engedobe
Class 7 singadoba — singadoba singedobe — singedobe
Class 8 zingadoba — zingadoba zingedobe — zingedobe
Class 9 ingadoba — ingadoba ingedobe — ingedobe
Class 10 zingadoba — zingadoba zingedobe — zingedobe
Class 11 lungadoba — lungadoba lungedobe — lungedobe
Class 14 bungadoba — bungadoba bungedobe — bungedobe
Class 15 kungadoba — kungadoba kungedobe — kungedobe
Class 17 kungadoba — kungadoba kungedobe — kungedobe
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizodoba engizodoba ngizodoba angizudoba engingezudoba ngingezudoba
2nd singular uzodoba ozodoba uzodoba awuzudoba ongezudoba ungezudoba
1st plural sizodoba esizodoba sizodoba asizudoba esingezudoba singezudoba
2nd plural nizodoba enizodoba nizodoba anizudoba eningezudoba ningezudoba
Class 1 uzodoba ozodoba ezodoba akazudoba ongezudoba engezudoba
Class 2 bazodoba abazodoba bezodoba abazudoba abangezudoba bengezudoba
Class 3 uzodoba ozodoba uzodoba awuzudoba ongezudoba ungezudoba
Class 4 izodoba ezodoba izodoba ayizudoba engezudoba ingezudoba
Class 5 lizodoba elizodoba lizodoba alizudoba elingezudoba lingezudoba
Class 6 azodoba azodoba ezodoba awazudoba angezudoba engezudoba
Class 7 sizodoba esizodoba sizodoba asizudoba esingezudoba singezudoba
Class 8 zizodoba ezizodoba zizodoba azizudoba ezingezudoba zingezudoba
Class 9 izodoba ezodoba izodoba ayizudoba engezudoba ingezudoba
Class 10 zizodoba ezizodoba zizodoba azizudoba ezingezudoba zingezudoba
Class 11 luzodoba oluzodoba luzodoba aluzudoba olungezudoba lungezudoba
Class 14 buzodoba obuzodoba buzodoba abuzudoba obungezudoba bungezudoba
Class 15 kuzodoba okuzodoba kuzodoba akuzudoba okungezudoba kungezudoba
Class 17 kuzodoba okuzodoba kuzodoba akuzudoba okungezudoba kungezudoba
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyodoba engiyodoba ngiyodoba angiyudoba engingeyudoba ngingeyudoba
2nd singular uyodoba oyodoba uyodoba awuyudoba ongeyudoba ungeyudoba
1st plural siyodoba esiyodoba siyodoba asiyudoba esingeyudoba singeyudoba
2nd plural niyodoba eniyodoba niyodoba aniyudoba eningeyudoba ningeyudoba
Class 1 uyodoba oyodoba eyodoba akayudoba ongeyudoba engeyudoba
Class 2 bayodoba abayodoba beyodoba abayudoba abangeyudoba bengeyudoba
Class 3 uyodoba oyodoba uyodoba awuyudoba ongeyudoba ungeyudoba
Class 4 iyodoba eyodoba iyodoba ayiyudoba engeyudoba ingeyudoba
Class 5 liyodoba eliyodoba liyodoba aliyudoba elingeyudoba lingeyudoba
Class 6 ayodoba ayodoba eyodoba awayudoba angeyudoba engeyudoba
Class 7 siyodoba esiyodoba siyodoba asiyudoba esingeyudoba singeyudoba
Class 8 ziyodoba eziyodoba ziyodoba aziyudoba ezingeyudoba zingeyudoba
Class 9 iyodoba eyodoba iyodoba ayiyudoba engeyudoba ingeyudoba
Class 10 ziyodoba eziyodoba ziyodoba aziyudoba ezingeyudoba zingeyudoba
Class 11 luyodoba oluyodoba luyodoba aluyudoba olungeyudoba lungeyudoba
Class 14 buyodoba obuyodoba buyodoba abuyudoba obungeyudoba bungeyudoba
Class 15 kuyodoba okuyodoba kuyodoba akuyudoba okungeyudoba kungeyudoba
Class 17 kuyodoba okuyodoba kuyodoba akuyudoba okungeyudoba kungeyudoba
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngidobe ngingadobi
2nd singular udobe ungadobi
1st plural sidobe singadobi
2nd plural nidobe ningadobi
Class 1 adobe angadobi
Class 2 badobe bangadobi
Class 3 udobe ungadobi
Class 4 idobe ingadobi
Class 5 lidobe lingadobi
Class 6 adobe angadobi
Class 7 sidobe singadobi
Class 8 zidobe zingadobi
Class 9 idobe ingadobi
Class 10 zidobe zingadobi
Class 11 ludobe lungadobi
Class 14 budobe bungadobi
Class 15 kudobe kungadobi
Class 17 kudobe kungadobi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngadoba ngangadoba, angadoba, angangadoba
2nd singular wadoba wangadoba, awadoba, awangadoba
1st plural sadoba sangadoba, asadoba, asangadoba
2nd plural nadoba nangadoba, anadoba, anangadoba
Class 1 wadoba wangadoba, akadoba, akangadoba
Class 2 badoba bangadoba, abadoba, abangadoba
Class 3 wadoba wangadoba, awadoba, awangadoba
Class 4 yadoba yangadoba, ayadoba, ayangadoba
Class 5 ladoba langadoba, aladoba, alangadoba
Class 6 adoba angadoba, awadoba, awangadoba
Class 7 sadoba sangadoba, asadoba, asangadoba
Class 8 zadoba zangadoba, azadoba, azangadoba
Class 9 yadoba yangadoba, ayadoba, ayangadoba
Class 10 zadoba zangadoba, azadoba, azangadoba
Class 11 lwadoba lwangadoba, alwadoba, alwangadoba
Class 14 badoba bangadoba, abadoba, abangadoba
Class 15 kwadoba kwangadoba, akwadoba, akwangadoba
Class 17 kwadoba kwangadoba, akwadoba, akwangadoba

Derived terms
  • udobo

References
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