bapak

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay bapa, bapak, from Classical Malay باڤ (bapa), باڤق (bapak), from Old Javanese bapa, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *appa. Doublet of bapa. Hoogervorst mentioned that the word was affixed as *ba- (someone who fulfils the function of or behaves like) + apak (father), which is cognate of Tamil அப்பா (appā, father),[1] and comparable to modern ber- + apak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, father).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bapaʔ/
  • (file)
  • Hyphenation: ba‧pak

Noun

bapak (first-person possessive bapakku, second-person possessive bapakmu, third-person possessive bapaknya)

  1. father
  2. mister, sir
  3. (formal) you
  4. uncle

Usage notes

Similar function in Malay found more in bapa.

Synonyms

  • pak (mister, more likely)

Derived terms

  • berbapak
  • kebapakan
  • bapak angkat
  • bapak ayam
  • bapak badari
  • bapak bangsa
  • bapak besar
  • bapak bungsu
  • bapak kecil
  • bapak koperasi
  • bapak muda
  • bapak negara
  • bapak pembangunan
  • bapak pendiri
  • bapak rumah tangga
  • bapak ruting
  • bapak suting
  • bapak tiri
  • bapak tua

References

  1. Tom Hoogervorst (2017) Andrea Acri, Roger Blench, Alexandra Landmann, editor, The Role of “Prakrit” in Maritime Southeast Asia through 101 Etymologies, ISEAS Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 375–440

Further reading

Javanese

Javanese writing system
Carakan ꦧꦥꦏ꧀
Roman bapak

Noun

bapak (krama ngoko bapak, krama inggil rama)

  1. father

References

  • "bapak" in W. J. S. Poerwadarminta, Bausastra Jawa. J. B. Wolters' Uitgevers-Maatschappij N. V. Groningen, Batavia, 1939

Malay

Etymology

Variant of bapa, from Old Javanese bapa, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *appa. Doublet of bapa. Hoogervorst mentioned that the word was affixed as *ba- (someone who fulfils the function of or behaves like) + apak (father), which is cognate of Tamil அப்பா (appā, father),[1] and comparable to modern ber- + apak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, father).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bapaʔ/
  • (Adelaar, 1992): IPA(key): /bapak/
  • Rhymes: -apaʔ, -aʔ

Noun

bapak (Jawi spelling باڤق, plural bapak-bapak, informal 1st possessive bapakku, 2nd possessive bapakmu, 3rd possessive bapaknya)

  1. father; male parent.
    Synonym(s): bapa (bapanda, bapai, bapang, baba, papa), ayah (ayahanda, aya, yah), abah (aba, bah), rama
  2. (archaic) mister, sir
    Synonyms: cik, encik, tuan

Adverb

bapak (Jawi spelling باڤق)

  1. (colloquial) so; very.
    Bapak laju dia!
    He's so fast!
    Synonym(s): gila, nak mampus
  • pak (mister, more likely)

References

  1. Tom Hoogervorst (2017) Andrea Acri, Roger Blench, Alexandra Landmann, editor, The Role of “Prakrit” in Maritime Southeast Asia through 101 Etymologies, ISEAS Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 375–440

Further reading

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