Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ahtōu

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɑx.tɔːu̯/

Numeral

**Proto-Germanic cardinal numbers**
< 7	8	9 >
Cardinal : ahtōu Ordinal* : ahtudô Multiplier* : *ahtōufalþaz

*ahtōu[1]

eight

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *ahtō
- Old English: eahta, æhta; ehta;
  - Middle English: eighte, eight, eiȝt, eiȝte, eyȝt; ahte, eahte, ehhte, ehte; aghte, aucht, aughte
    - English: eight
      - Sranan Tongo: aiti
    - Scots: aucht, aicht
    - Yola: ayght, aught
- Old Frisian: achta, echta
  - North Frisian:
    Föhr-Amrum, Sylt and Wiedingharde: aacht
    Helgoland: ach
    Mooring: oocht
  - Saterland Frisian: oachte, oacht; oage, oa
  - West Frisian: acht
- Old Saxon: ahto
  - Middle Low German: achte, acht
    - German Low German: acht
- Old Dutch: ahto
  - Middle Dutch: achte, acht
    - Dutch: acht
      - Afrikaans: agt, ag
      - Berbice Creole Dutch: akti
      - Jersey Dutch: āxt
      - Negerhollands: acht, agt, ak
      - Skepi Creole Dutch: akt
      - → Sranan Tongo: acht
    - Limburgish: ach
    - Zealandic: acht
- Old High German: ahto
  - Middle High German: ahte
    - Alemannic German: acht, ocht, àcht
      Swabian: achd
    - Bavarian: achde
      Cimbrian: achte
      Mòcheno: òcht
    - Central Franconian: aach, aacht; ach
      Hunsrik: acht
      Luxembourgish: aacht
    - East Central German: achte
      Vilamovian: aocht
    - East Franconian:
    - German: acht
    - Rhine Franconian: acht
      Frankfurterisch: [ɑxt], [ɔxt], [axt]
      Pennsylvania German: acht, achde
    - Yiddish: אַכט (akht)
    - Zipser German: åcht, acht
Old Norse: átta
- Icelandic: átta
- Faroese: átta
- Norwegian: åtte
- Old Swedish: ātta, ata, āta
  - Swedish: åtta
- Danish: otte
- Old Gutnish: ǣt
East Germanic
- Gothic: 𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌿 (ahtau)
- Crimean Gothic: athe

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*ahtau”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 6

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[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*ahtau”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 6