Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/es

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ís.

Pronoun

*es (feminine *sī, neuter *ed, plural *eyes)

he

Descendants

Old Irish: é, hé, hǽ
- Irish: sé, Irish: é
- Scottish Gaelic: e
- Manx: eh

From the accusative *em:

Proto-Brythonic: *eβ̃
- Breton: eñv
- Cornish: ev
- Old Welsh: em[1]
  - Middle Welsh: ef, hi, wy
    - Welsh: ef (literary); e, fe (colloquial)

References

R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ef”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

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[1] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ef”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies